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is missing from this discussion, namely that taxes imposed at the register may affect the eating habits of high- and low-income consumers in different ways. Such issues deserve further investigation. 28
References [1] Becker, Gary, Michael Grossman, and Kevin Murphy, “An Empirical Analysis of Cigarette Addic- tion,” American Economic Review, 84 (1994), 396-418. [2] Bertrand, Marianne, Sendhil Mullainathan, and Eldar Shafir, “A Behavioral-Economics View of Poverty,” American Economics Review Papers and Proceedings, 94 (2004), 419-423. [3] Brownell, Kelly D., Thomas Farley, Walter C. Willett, Barry M. Popkin, Frank J. Chaloupka, Joseph W. Thompson, and David S. Ludwig, “The Public Health and Economic Benefits of Taxing Sugar- sweetened Beverages,” New England Journal of Medicine, 361 (2009), 1599–605. [4] Cabral, Marika, and Caroline Hoxby, “The Hated Property Tax: Salience, Tax Rates, and Tax Re- volts,” Unpublished. [5] Chaloupka, Frank J. and Kenneth Warner, "The Economics of Smoking," In Handbook of Health Economics, Anthony Culyer and Joseph Newhouse, ed., 1539 -1628 (Amsterdam: North-Holland, 2000). [6] Chetty, Raj, Adam Looney and Kory Kroft, “Salience and Taxation: Theory and Evidence,” Ameri- can Economic Review, 99 (2009), 1145-1177. [7] Chetty, Raj, Adam Looney, and Kory Kroft, “Salience and Taxation: Theory and Evidence,” NBER Working Paper No. w13330, 2007. [8] Engelhard, Carolyn, Arthur Garson, and Stan Dorn, “Reducing Obesity: Policy Strategies from the Tobacco Wars,” (Washington (DC): Urban Institute, 2009). [9] Finkelstein, Amy, “E-Z Tax: Tax Salience and Tax Rates,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 124 (2009), 969-1010. [10] Gruber, Jonathan, and Botond Koszegi, “Tax Incidence When Individuals are Time-inconsistent: The Case of Cigarette Excise Taxes,” Journal of Public Economics, 88 (2004), 1959-1987. [11] Gruber, Jonathan, and Sendhil Mullainathan, “Do Cigarette Taxes Make Smokers Happier?,” NBER Working Paper No. w8872, 2002. [12] Hall, Crystal, “Mental Accounting in the Context of Poverty,” Unpublished, 2010. [18] Harding, Leitbag and Lovenheim, “The Heterogenous Geographic and Socieconomic Incidence of Cigarette Taxes: Evidence from Nielson Homescan Data,” Working Paper (2010). 29
Page 1 and 2: Smoke Gets in Your Eyes: Cigarette
Page 3 and 4: cigarette’s posted price, and a s
Page 5 and 6: form BCi : (p +tp +tr)xi + yi ≤ M
Page 7 and 8: tax types: R(tp,tr) = (tp +tr)(xA +
Page 9 and 10: ∂yB = −x. ∂tr Substituting th
Page 11 and 12: consumers. An implication of the re
Page 13 and 14: Data on state-level cigarette excis
Page 15 and 16: variable (y) represents cigarette d
Page 17 and 18: and is not statistically significan
Page 19 and 20: Table IV presents our results. Colu
Page 21 and 22: D. Tax Base Differences Between the
Page 23 and 24: more by income in non-exempt states
Page 25 and 26: with the variable assigned a value
Page 27: to cigarette register taxes decline
Page 31 and 32: Appendix A: Welfare Analysis Under
Page 33 and 34: Again, the first term represents a
Page 35 and 36: Appendix C: A Cognitive Cost Model
Page 37 and 38: income yields: ∂Gi ∂Mi = 1 2 t2
Page 39 and 40: Table I: Summary of Cigarette Tax C
Page 41 and 42: Table III: Effect of Taxes on Cigar
Page 43 and 44: Table V: Effect of Taxes on Cigaret
Page 45 and 46: Table VII: Sales Tax Exemptions for
Page 47 and 48: Table IX: Instrumenting for Price w
Page 49 and 50: Table XI: Alternative Demand Models
Page 51 and 52: Table XIII: State Trends Extensive
Page 53 and 54: Figure II: Aggregate Cigarette Cons

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