Middle Miocene palynoflora of the Legnica lignite deposit complex ...
Middle Miocene palynoflora of the Legnica lignite deposit complex ...
Middle Miocene palynoflora of the Legnica lignite deposit complex ...
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Carpinus, Cercidiphyllum, Corylopsis, Eucommia,<br />
Fraxinus, Juglans, Liriodendron, Magnolia,<br />
Ostrya, Parrotia/Distylium (Tricolporopollenites<br />
indeterminatus and T. staresedloensis),<br />
Platycarya, and Tilioideae (Intratriporopollenites<br />
instructus, I. insculptus, and I. cordataeformis)<br />
occur sporadically.<br />
Among shrubs, climbers and small trees<br />
<strong>the</strong> most frequent are Ilex (max. 20%), Cyrillaceae/Clethraceae<br />
(Tricolporopollenites exactus<br />
– up to 20% and T. megaexactus – up to<br />
1%), Ericaceae (up to 10%), Fabaceae (Tricolporopollenites<br />
fallax – up to 12%, T. liblarensis<br />
– up to 3%, T. quisqualis, and Cassia<br />
type – single specimens), Tricolporopollenites<br />
pseudocingulum (up to 42%), Myrica (up to<br />
6%), Vitaceae (Tricolporopollenites marcodurensis<br />
and Vitispollenites tener), Araliaceae,<br />
Cornacae, Rosaceae (including Tricolporopollenites<br />
photinioides), Caprifoliaceae (including<br />
Diervilla/Weigela, Lonicera, Sambucus, and<br />
Viburnum types), Symplocos, and Oleaceae.<br />
In addition, some pollen grains <strong>of</strong> palms (Arecipites<br />
pseudoconvexus and A. papillosus),<br />
Reevesia, Rhus, Sapotaceae (Tetracolporopollenites),<br />
as well as Itea, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae,<br />
and Staphylea were found. It is necessary to<br />
stress that some <strong>of</strong> mentioned here taxa could<br />
be trees as well.<br />
Among herbs only grasses (max. 70%; Graminidites<br />
bambusoides up to 5%) and Cyperaceae<br />
(up to 8%; mainly Cladium type) are relatively<br />
common. Several pollen grains <strong>of</strong> Lythraceae<br />
(including Decodon type), Chenopodiaceae,<br />
Asteraceae (Artemisiaepollenites sellularis and<br />
Tubulifl oridites), Apiaceae (Umbelliferoipollenites<br />
speciosus and U. tenuis), Polygonaceae<br />
(Persicarioipollis pliocenicus, P. welzowenze,<br />
and Rumex type), Plantaginaceae (Plantaginacearumpollis<br />
miocaenicus), and Urticaceae<br />
(Triporopollenites urticoides) were encountered.<br />
Aquatic and coastal plants are very rare,<br />
only some pollen grains <strong>of</strong> Butomus (Butomuspollenites<br />
butomoides and B. longicolpatus),<br />
Potamogeton, Trapa, Nelumbo, and Sparganiaceae<br />
(Sparganiaceaepollenites magnoides)<br />
were found.<br />
Cryptogams are represented by Polypodiaceae<br />
s.l. (Laevigatosporites gracilis,<br />
L. haardti, L. nitidus, Verrucatosporites favus,<br />
Perinomonoletes) – max. 75%; Sphagnum (Distancoraesporis,<br />
Distverrusporis, and Stereisporites)<br />
– up to 35%, as well as Osmunda (Bacu-<br />
11<br />
latisporites and Rugulatisporites) – up to 16%.<br />
A few spores <strong>of</strong> Lycopodiaceae (Selagosporis<br />
selagoides), Schizeaceae/Cyathaceae (Monoleiotriletes<br />
gracilis), Toro isporis (Toroisporis)<br />
teupitzensis medioris, T. (Toroisporis)? pliocaenicus,<br />
Anthocerotaceae (Rudolphisporis<br />
major), and Bryales (Corrusporis cf. tuberculatus)<br />
were also found.<br />
Besides pollen and spores some plankton<br />
forms – mainly din<strong>of</strong>l agellate cysts (dinocysts),<br />
Zygnemataceae zygospores (Ovoidites<br />
elongatus, O. ligneolus, and Tetraporina sp.),<br />
Sigmopollis pseudosetarius and S. punctatus,<br />
linings <strong>of</strong> foraminifers as well as fungi spores,<br />
fragments <strong>of</strong> epidermis, stomata, wood fragments<br />
and sporocarps <strong>of</strong> epiphylous fungi <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> family Microthyriaceae (Microthyriacites,<br />
Phragmothyrites, Plochmopeltinites, and Trichothyrites<br />
= Notothyrites) occur in <strong>the</strong> analysed<br />
material.<br />
LIST OF SPORE, POLLEN AND FRESH-WATER<br />
PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA FOUND<br />
IN THE STUDIED MATERIAL<br />
(1) Distancoraesporis wehningensis (Krutzsch)<br />
Grabowska<br />
(2) Distverrusporis antiquus (Krutzsch & Sontag)<br />
Grabowska<br />
(3) Distverrusporis electus (Mamczar ex Krutzsch)<br />
Grabowska<br />
(4) Stereisporites involutus (Doktorowicz-Hrebnicka<br />
ex Krutzsch) Krutzsch<br />
(5) Stereisporites minor (Raatz) Krutzsch<br />
(6) Stereisporites stereoides (Potonié & Venitz)<br />
Thomson & Pfl ug<br />
(7) Stereisporites welzowensis Krutzsch & Sontag<br />
(8) Corrusporis cf. tuberculatus Krutzsch<br />
(9) Rudolphisporis major (Stuchlik) Stuchlik<br />
(10) Selagosporis selagoides Krutzsch<br />
(11) Baculatisporites major (Raatz) Krutzsch<br />
(12) Baculatisporites primarius (Wolff) Pfl ug<br />
& Thomson<br />
(–) Baculatisporites nanus (Wolff) Krutzsch (not<br />
illustrated)<br />
(13) Rugulatisporites quintus Pfl ug & Thomson<br />
(14) Monoleiotriletes gracilis Krutzsch<br />
(15) Laevigatosporites gracilis Wilson & Webster<br />
(16) Laevigatosporites crassicus (Krutzsch) stat.<br />
nov.<br />
(17) Laevigatosporites haardti (Potonié & Venitz)<br />
Thomson & Pfl ug<br />
(18) Laevigatosporites nitidus (Mamczar) Krutzsch
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