Middle Miocene palynoflora of the Legnica lignite deposit complex ...

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1970a Graminidites subtiliglobosus (Trevisan) n.
comb., Krutzsch, pp. 54, 62, pl. 2, fi gs 1–12.
Pollen grains circular in outline, 29–37 μm
in diameter. Pore round about 3 μm in diameter,
surrounded by annulus about 2.5 μm
wide. Exine 1–2 μm thick, surface distinctly
granulate.
R e m a r k s. In the studied material pollen
grains of genus Graminidites were encountered
mainly in the Mużaków series, in one sample
they reached 70%.
The oldest fossil pollen grains of subfamily
Pooideae are known from the Palaeocene, but
they become more frequent in the Eocene
deposits (Muller 1981). In the Miocene deposits
they are noted regularly, but usually in
quantities not exceeding 5%. The fossil genus
Graminidites (excluding G. bambusoides) represents
cosmopolitan (P/A) climatic element
(Stuchlik et al. 2009).
Familiae SPARGANIACEAE,
TYPHACEAE
Sparganium L.
Sparganiaceaepollenites Thiergart 1937
emend. Krutzsch 1970
(191) Sparganiaceaepollenites magnoides
Krutzsch 1970
Pl. 20, fi g. 2a, b
1964 Sparganium ramosum Huds. type; Stuchlik,
p. 78, pl. 24, fi gs 10, 11.
1970a Sparganiaceaepollenites magnoides n. sp.,
Krutzsch, p. 82, pl. 13, fi gs 14–23.
Remarks. Sparganiaceaepollenites magnoides
represents cosmopolitan (P/A) climatic
element, and occurs in the Lower and Middle
Miocene (Stuchlik et al. 2009). These pollen
grains were sporadically encountered in the
analysed material, in several samples they
reach 1–2% (max. 8%).
Nowadays the genus Sparganium (about 15
species) occurs mainly in northern temperate
zone, in shallow waters and in swampy places
(Heywood 1978).
Besides sporomorphs of this type in the studied
material were found several pollen grains
resembling those of recent Typha L. (fossil
taxon Sparganiaceaepollenites polygonalis
Thiergart 1937 ex Potonié 1960).
Ordo ARECALES
Familia ARECACEAE
Arecipites Wodehouse 1933
(192) Arecipites pseudoconvexus
Krutzsch 1970
Pl. 19, fi gs 10, 11a, b
1970a Arecipites pseudoconvexus n. sp., Krutzsch,
p. 103, pl. 21, fi gs 1–5.
Pollen grains monocolpate, oval elongate in
outline, 34–45 × 24–28 μm in size. Exine composed
of two layers about 1.5 μm thick, surface
reticulate. Lumina regular, polygonal 1.5–2.0
μm in diameter, decreasing distinctly towards
colpus to a diameter about 1 μm. Muri about
1 μm thick.
R e m a r k s. These pollen grains are close
to Arecaceae, and somewhat resemble pollen
grains of the recent genus Trachycarpus
Wendl., but differ from them in the structure
of muri (Kohlman-Adamska 1993). Their SEM
reticulate pattern revealed similarities to the
recent palm Chamaedorea (Ch. elegans Mart.)
from Middle and South America (Konzalová
& Ziembińska-Tworzydło 2008). This taxon
occurs in the Miocene deposits (Krutzsch
1970a, Ziembińska-Tworzydło 1974, Kohlman-
Adamska 1993), and represents subtropical
(P2) element (Ziembińska-Tworzydło et al.
1994a). In the studied material these pollen
grains were found regularly, mainly in the
Lusatian and Henryk seams, in quantities not
exceeding 1%.
?Corypha L.
(193) Arecipites papillosus (Mürriger
& Pfl ug in Thomson & Pfl ug 1953)
Krutzsch 1970
Pl. 20, fi g. 1a, b
1953 Monocolpopollenites papillosus (Mürriger
& Pfl ug) n. comb., Thomson & Pfl ug, p. 63, pl. 4,
fi gs 38, 48, 49.
1970a Arecipites papillosus (Mürriger & Pfl ug in
Thomson & Pfl ug) n. comb., Krutzsch, p. 100,
pl. 20, fi gs 1–6.
1993 Corypha L. type; Kohlman-Adamska, p. 171,
pl. 36, fi g. 7a, b.
Pollen grains monocolpate, oval in outline,
40–42 × 30–32 μm in size. Exine composed of
two layers 1.5–2.0 μm thick, surface reticulate.