Middle Miocene palynoflora of the Legnica lignite deposit complex ...

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(165) Diervillapollenites sp.
Pl. 17, fi gs 6, 7
R e m a r k s. Pollen grains similar to the fossil
taxon Diervillapollenites megaspinosus, but differing
in sculpture. Besides pollen grains with
spines, some were covered with circular outgrowths
2.0–3.5 μm in diameter. Some grains
were smaller than usually described (Pl. 17,
fi g. 6). Pollen grains of close species D. megaspinosus,
which occur in the Polish Miocene
and Pliocene, represent cool-temperate (A2)
element (Ziembińska-Tworzydło 1996) and are
connected with recent genera Diervilla (Doktorowicz-Hrebnicka
1956a) or Weigela (W. hortensis
(Sieb. & Zucc.) C.A. Mey., and W. fl orida
DC.; Jahn et al. 1984). Macro-remains of Weigela
have been found in the Polish Neogene
(Łańcucka-Środoniowa 1967, Jahn et al. 1984).
In the studied material pollen grains of this
type were encountered sporadically, mainly in
the Lusatian seam, only once exceeding 1% (in
bottom sample of Legnica 41/52 profi le).
The recent genus Diervilla contains 3 species
of deciduous shrubs occurring in North
America, whereas the genus Weigela (with 12
species) grows in East Asia (Krüssmann 1978).
Lonicera L.
Lonicerapollis Krutzsch 1962
(166) Lonicerapollis sp.
Pl. 17, fi g. 8
Pollen grains tricolporate, on the poles fl attened,
in polar view circular in outline, 40–42
μm in diameter. Exine 1.2–2.0 μm thick, ectexine
thicker than endexine. Surface covered
with up to 1 μm long spines loosely and regularly
distributed on the grain surface.
R e m a r k s. Pollen grains resembling pollen of
the recent Lonicera, as well Triosteum L. and
Linnaea L. from the family Caprifoliaceae. In
Europe the oldest pollen grains of Lonicera
type are known from the Oligocene (Krutzsch
1962a). They occur also in the Polish Neogene
(Stuchlik 1964, Oszast 1973, Stachurska et al.
1973, Ziembińska-Tworzydło 1974, Sadowska
1977, Jahn et al. 1984). In the analysed material
pollen grains of this type were found only
in one sample from the Lusatian seam.
Nowadays the genus Lonicera contains
about 200 species of evergreen and deciduous
shrubs occurring in the northern hemisphere
(Krüssmann 1977).
Caprifoliipites Wodehouse 1933
Viburnum L.
(167) Caprifoliipites viburnoides (Gruas-
Cavagnetto 1978) Kohlman-Adamska in
Ziembińska-Tworzydło et al. 1994
Pl. 17, fi g. 9a, b
1978 Tricolporopollenites viburnoides n. f sp., Gruas-
Cavagnetto, p. 36, pl. 14, fi gs 16–19.
1993 Viburnum L. – type; Kohlman-Adamska, p. 154,
pl. 33, fi gs 7a, b, 8a, b.
1994b Caprifoliipites viburnoides (Gruas-Cavagnetto)
Kohlman-Adamska comb. nov.; Ziembińska-
Tworzydło et al., p. 20, pl. 12, fi gs 12–14.
Pollen grains tricolporate, in equatorial
view broadly oval to circular in outline, 25–28
× 22–25 μm in size, in polar view circular in
outline. Colpi with thick edges, running along
polar axis deep into polar area. Exine thick;
ectexine distinctly thicker than endexine. Surface
reticulate, lumina polygonal, 1.5–2.0 μm
in size. Muri built of one row of columellae
about 1 μm thick.
R e m a r k s. These pollen grains resemble
polen of the recent Viburnum, e.g. V. odoratissimum
Ker., V. carlessi Hemsl., and V. lentago
L. They represent warm-temperate element
(A1). Pollen grains of Viburnum type occur in
the Eocene to Pliocene deposits (Ziembińska-
Tworzydło et al. 1994b). In the examined material
pollen grains of Caprifoliipites viburnoides
were found regularly, but in small quantities.
Presently the genus Viburnum contains
about 200 species of evergreen and deciduous
trees and shrubs extended in temperate and
subtropical zones of the northern hemisphere,
particularly in Asia (V. carlessi – Korea) and
North America (V. lentago) (Krüssmann 1978).
V. dentatum L. and V. nudum L. grow in swamp
forests in the Atlantic zone of North America
(Kearney 1901, Neyland et al 2000).
Sambucus L.
(168) Caprifoliipites sp. 1
Pl. 17, fi g. 10a, b
Pollen grains tri- ?colporate, in equatorial
view oval in outline, measuring 22–30 ×
15–20 μm. Exine about 1.5 μm thick, surface