Middle Miocene palynoflora of the Legnica lignite deposit complex ...

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42 in southern Africa and Europe, on the Atlantic islands, in Asia Minor and Syria. The genus Rhododendron (about 500–600 species) grows in East Asia, North America, Caucasus and Malaysia. Arbutus unedo is an evergreen tree characteristic for the Mediterranean makhia (Krüssmann 1976, 1977, 1978). Familiae CLETHRACEAE, CYRILLACEAE (111) Tricolporopollenites exactus (Potonié 1931) Grabowska in Ziembińska-Tworzydło et al. 1994 Pl. 13, fi g. 14 1931b Pollenites exactus n. sp., Potonié, p. 26, pl. 1, fi g. V49b. 1953 Tricolporopollenites megaexactus (Potonié) n. comb. subsp. exactus (Potonié) n. comb., Thomson & Pfl ug, p. 101, pl. 12, fi gs 87–92. 1960 Cyrillaceaepollenites exactus (Potonié) n. comb., Potonié, p. 102. 1994b Tricolporopollenites exactus (Potonié) Grabowska comb. nov.; Ziembińska-Tworzydło et al., p. 28, pl. 16, fi gs 8–10. R e m a r k s. This species occurs in the Eocene to Miocene deposits. At Legnica these pollen grains were encountered regularly, reaching max. 20%. (112) Tricolporopollenites megaexactus (Potonié 1931) Thomson & Pfl ug 1953 Pl. 14, fi g. 1 1931b Pollenites megaexactus n. sp., Potonié, p. 26, pl. 1, fi g. V42b. 1953 Tricolporopollenites megaexactus (Potonié) n. comb., Thomson & Pfl ug, p. 100, pl. 12, fi gs 50–57, 74, 75. 1960 Cyrillaceaepollenites megaexactus (Potonié) n. comb., Potonié, p. 102. R e m a r k s. This species is known from the Oligocene and Miocene deposits. In the studied material these pollen grains were encountered sporadically in samples with Tricolporopollenites exactus, in quantities not exceeding 1%. The two above-mentioned taxa (Tricolporopollenites exactus and T. megaexactus) represent subtropical (P2) element (Ziembińska- Tworzydło et al. 1994b), and are similar to pollen of the recent Cyrillaceae (genus Cyrilla Gard.) and Clethraceae (genus Clethra L.). The present-day genus Clethra (about 30 species of evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs) is distributed in subtropical zone of South and North America, south-eastern Asia, as well as in the mountains in tropical zone. Clethra alnifolia L. is a shrub growing on peat-bogs and in humid forests in the Atlantic zone of North America. The monotypic genus Cyrilla (C. racemifl ora L.) occurs on peat-bogs in North America (Kearney 1901, Krüssmann 1976). Familiae CYRILLACEAE, CLETHRACEAE, ?ROSACEAE (113) Tricolporopollenites bruhlensis (Thomson 1950) Grabowska in Ziembińska- Tworzydło et al. 1994 Pl. 13, fi g. 15 1950 Pollenites cingulum brühlensis n. spm. (Thomson); Potonié, Thomson & Thiergart, p. 56, 63, pl. B, fi gs 31–33. 1994b Tricolporopollenites brühlensis (Thomson) Grabowska stat. nov.; Ziembińska-Tworzydło et al., p. 27, pl. 16, fi gs 1–5. R e m a r k s. Pollen grains of this species represent subtropical element (P2), and occur in the Eocene to Pliocene deposits (Ziembińska- Tworzydło et al. 1994a, b). Several pollen grains of this taxon were found in the studied material. Familia SAPOTACEAE Tetracolporopollenites Thomson & Pfl ug 1953 (114) Tetracolporopollenites andreanus Bruch 1998 Pl. 14, fi g. 2a, b 1998 Tetracolporopollenites andreanus n. sp., Bruch, p. 99, pl. 14, fi gs 20–22. Pollen grains tetracolporate, in equatorial view rectangular in outline, 25–30 × 20–22 μm in size. Colpi diagonally crossed. Exine about 2 μm thick, surface very fi nely granulate. R e m a r k s. This species was described from the Upper Oligocene (?) deposits of Slovenia (Bruch 1998). Its characteristic features are diagonally crossed colpi. In the studied material these pollen grains were encountered sporadically.
(115) Tetracolporopollenites rotundus (Nagy 1969) Bruch 1998 Pl. 14, fi g. 3 1969 Sapotaceoidaepollenites rotundus n. sp., Nagy, p. 219, pl. 50, fi g. 16, 17, 24. 1998 Tetracolporopollenites rotundus (Nagy) n. comb., Bruch, p. 99, pl. 14, fi gs 18, 19. Pollen grains tetracolporate, in equatorial view circular to square in outline, 20–24 μm in size. Colpi parallel, pores oval, equatorially elongated. Exine 1.5–2.0 μm thick, surface psilate. R e m a r k s. Nagy (1969, 1985, 1992) reported Sapotaceoidaepollenites rotundus from the Miocene of Hungary. In the studied material a few specimens were found. The two above-mentioned taxa (Tetracolporopollenites andreanus and T. rotundus) represent tropical (P1) element. Today the family Sapotaceae (with about 35–75 genera and 800 species of evergreen trees and shrubs) occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical areas, rarely in temperate zone (Heywood 1978). Ordo MALPIGHIALES Familia SALICACEAE Salix L. Salixipollenites Srivastava 1966 (116) Salixipollenites capreaformis Planderová 1990 Pl. 14, fi g. 4a, b 1990 Salixipollenites capreaformis n. sp., Planderová, p. 80, pl. 78, fi gs 5–8. Pollen grains tricolpate (poroidal), in equatorial view oval in outline, 26–28 × 16–18 μm in size. Exine about 1.5 μm thick, surface perreticulate. Lumina polygonal-circular, up to 1.5 μm in diameter, muri narrow. R e m a r k s. These pollen grains are similar to pollen of the recent Salix caprea L. (Erdtman et al. 1963, Kuprianova 1965, Planderová 1990). They were regularly encountered in the analysed material. (117) Salixipollenites cinereaformis Planderová 1990 Pl. 14, fi g. 5a, b 1990 Salixipollenites cinereaformis n. sp., Planderová, p. 80, pl. 77, fi gs 17–19. 43 Pollen grains tricolpate (poroidal), in equatorial view oval in outline, 25–28 × 15–16 μm in size. Colpi parallel, narrow, with poorly visible poroids. Exine about 1.5 μm thick, surface per-reticulate. Lumina polygonal-circular, 1.0– 1.2 μm in diameter, muri narrow, built of one row of columellae. R e m a r k s. These pollen grains are similar to pollen of the recent Salix cinerea L. (Erdtman et al. 1963, Kuprianova 1965, Planderová 1990). They were regularly encountered in the analysed material. (118) Salixipollenites helveticus Nagy 1969 Pl. 14, fi g. 6a, b 1969 Salixipollenites helveticus n. sp, Nagy, p. 246, pl. 55, fi gs 24, 25. Pollen grains tricolpate, oval in outline, 18–22 × 8–10 μm in size. Exine up to 1 μm thick, surface micro-reticulate. R e m a r k s. Pollen grains resembling those of the recent genus Salix, the nearest species S. babylonica L., S. matsudana Koidz., and S. variegata Franch. (Nagy 1969), in the studied material found sporadically. Pollen grains of Salix type occur in Europe since the Miocene (Muller 1981), and represent cool-temperate (A2) element (Ziembińska- Tworzydło et al. 1994a). The present-day genus Salix (with about 500 species of trees, shrubs and rarely shrublets) is distributed mainly in the northern hemisphere, as well as in some regions of South America and Africa. They have various soil requirements. Most of them grow on peaty, swampy and fertile alluvial soils. All of them are photophilous plants (Krüssmann 1978, Bugała 1991). Ordo MALVALES Familia MALVACEAE Subfamiliae BROWNLOWIOIDEAE, TILIOIDEAE Intratriporopollenites Pfl ug & Thomson 1953 emend. Mai 1961 (119) Intratriporopollenites instructus (Potonié 1931) Thomson & Pfl ug 1953 Pl. 14, fi g. 9a, b 1931d Tiliae-pollenites instructus n. sp., Potonié, p. 556, fi g. 9.
Page 1 and 2: Acta Palaeobotanica 49(1): 5-133, 2
Page 3 and 4: Legnica 33/56) and a fragment of th
Page 5 and 6: Fig. 2. Correlation of the studied
Page 7 and 8: Carpinus, Cercidiphyllum, Corylopsi
Page 9 and 10: & Schuler) Kohlman-Adamska & Ziembi
Page 11 and 12: (3) Distverrusporis electus (Mamcza
Page 13 and 14: 1959 Baculatisporites major (Raatz)
Page 15 and 16: 1953 Verrucatosporites favus (Poton
Page 17 and 18: pollen of the recent Taxodium and G
Page 19 and 20: y strongly undulate ectexine nearly
Page 21 and 22: 2002 Cathayapollis wilsonii (Sivak)
Page 23 and 24: arctotertiary (A) element (Stuchlik
Page 25 and 26: known from the Upper Oligocene, Mid
Page 27 and 28: eaching the poles. Exine 3.0-3.5 μ
Page 29 and 30: Familia ALTINGIACEAE Liquidambar L.
Page 31 and 32: 1960 Rhoipites (Pollenites) pseudoc
Page 33 and 34: epresents subtropical/arctotertiary
Page 35 and 36: grows on “Everglades” reed mars
Page 37: 1953 Porocolpopollenites vestibulum
Page 41 and 42: cit.) confi rmed their botanical af
Page 43 and 44: Familia ROSACEAE (130) Tricolporopo
Page 45 and 46: 1993 Leguminosae - Tricolporopollen
Page 47 and 48: species: I. aquifolium L., I. cymos
Page 49 and 50: R e m a r k s. Pollen grains 45-55
Page 51 and 52: 35 species) occurs in warm zone of
Page 53 and 54: eticulate. Lumina polygonal, variou
Page 55 and 56: Pollen grains tricolporate, in equa
Page 57 and 58: 1964 Gramineae “Bambusa” type;
Page 59 and 60: Lumina polygonal 1-3 μm in diamete
Page 61 and 62: Cookson, Phragmothyrites Edwards, P
Page 63 and 64: Fig. 5. Komorniki 97/72. Percentage
Page 65 and 66: as xylitic brown coal - from resin-
Page 67 and 68: cinerea, and Acer saccharum. In the
Page 69 and 70: the Middle Miocene and caused signi
Page 71 and 72: 41/56, 47/62, and 47/68 (Sadowska e
Page 73 and 74: sedimentation of these deposits. Co
Page 75 and 76: of the Poznań series alder was an
Page 77 and 78: Ecosystems of the world. 7. Tempera
Page 79 and 80: mikrofl orystycznych (summary: Stra
Page 81 and 82: KRUTZSCH W. 1967. Atlas der mittel-
Page 83 and 84: PANOVA L.A. 1966. Spory i pyl’tsa
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Henryk seam 2 nd Lusatian seam Muż
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Middle Miocene palynoflora of the Legnica lignite deposit complex ...

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