Chapter I Intro & Objectives - SPREP

PHOENIX ISLANDS PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN
Chapter III. Background, 3. Terrestrial Resources
Draft 1 March 2007
Abbott (1966) reported that Enderbury was home to at least 30 species of insects. However,
no list of species was provided.
Amerson (1968) reported that the tick, Ixodes amersoni, was known from Rawaki (Phoenix)
and Enderbury Islands. I. amersoni had been found on a red-footed booby, Sula sula on
Enderbury in 1966.
Amerson (1968) lists the bird hosts for the tick, Ornithoros capensis and the O. capensis
group in Enderbury (see Table III-3.11 above).
Garnett (1983) listed the following species of insects on Enderbury:
1) Pycnoscelus surinamensis
2) Symploca capitata
3) Periplaneta americana
4) Lepolepis sp.
5) Aphis gossypii
6) Orosius argentatus
7) Nephrosyne argentatus
8) Reduviolus capsiformis
9) Saemundsonnia hexagona
10) Saemundsonia albemarlensis
11) Eidmaniella albescens
12) Iectinopygus gracilornis
13) Quadracepts birostris
14) Actornithophilus piceus
15) Araecerus fasciculatus
16) Harmonia acuta
17) Rhyncogonus fosbergi
18) Dermestes ater
19) Dermestes cadaverinus
20) Protorhinus phoenix
21) Cosmopterigidae sp.
22) Heliothis sp. (prob. armigeri)
23) Spodoptera sp (prob. exempta)
24) Olethreutidae sp
25) Pterophoridae sp.
26) Pyralidae sp.
27) Amydria sp.
28) Phaenica sericata
Pierce et al (2006) reported on the occurance of ants on Abariringa (Kanton), Birnie,
Enderbury, McKean, Nikumaroro, Orona, and Rawaki (see Table III-3.12 above). None of
these species were considered invasive.
MANRA (SYDNEY)
Arundel (1885) noted that there were originally no mosquitoes on Manra (Sydney).
However, after a visit from a vessel from Tahiti, mosquitoes (see also Bryan 1941 and 1942;
in 1884 according to Garnett 1983) and hornets were observed.
Maude (1937) reported no mosquitos on Manra (Sydney).
Bryan (1939) reported that on wooded islands, such as Manra (Sydney), there were large
moths, butterflies, grasshoppers, crickets, and dragonflies.
There are several species of insects on Manra (Sydney) (Hydrographic Office 1940). But
there were no mosquitos.
Bryan (1941 and 1942) reported blue and white butterfly, several kinds of moths, dragonflies,
ants, flies, leafhoppers, bugs, beetles, wasps, and spiders (see also Garnett 1983).
Linnavuori (1956) reported the presence of the Cicadellidae, Nesophrosyne argentatus, from
Abariringa (Canton), Orona (Hull), and Manra (Sydney).
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