Chapter I Intro & Objectives - SPREP

PHOENIX ISLANDS PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN
Chapter III. Background, 2. Human Activities
Draft 1 March 2007
One of the primary factors in the failure of the PIKS was the location of Orona (Tehumu
2004). Transportation costs were too high for the volume of cargo. In addition, copra
production was much lower than expected. This impacted revenue and resulted in the need
for further government subsidies. There some speculation that some workers returned with
tons of dried fish and buckets of te were (sea cucumbers).
Di Piazza and Pearthree (2004) reported that there were three separate helicopter landing
pads on the northwestern rim of Orona. These were constructed of perforated steel sheets.
About 5 ha around these featured had been bulldozed (see also Garnett 1983a).
RAWAKI (PHOENIX)
1992, Rawaki was uninhabited (Republic of Kiribati 1992).
In 1993, all Phoenix Islands, including Rawaki, were uninhabited except Abariringa (Kanton)
(Neemia and Thaman 1993).
H. REFERENCES CITED
Abbott, T.C. 1966. Barren Enderbury Island: focus for biological survey. Pacific Bird
Observer 3: 1-4.
Allen, P.S. 1918. Stewart's hand book of the Pacific. Sydeny: McCarron, Stewart & Co.,
Ltd.
Anderson, A. 2002. Faunal collapse, landscape change and settlement history in remote
Oceania. World Archaeology 33(3): 375-390.
Anon. 1821a. Capt. Allen of New-Bedford. Boston Commercial Gazette, Boston. June 18,
1821 (see Ward 1967b, p. 27).
Anon. 1821b. Captain Allen, of the ship Maro. Independent Chronicle and Boston Patriot,
Boston. June 9, 1821 (see Ward 1967b, p. 26).
Anon. 1821c. The ship Maro. New Bedford Mercury, New Bedford. June 8, 1821 (see
Ward 1967b, p. 24-25).
Anon. 1826. New islands. Nantucket Inquirer, Nantucket. November 25, 1826 (see Ward
1967a, p. 269-271).
Anon. 1828. New Islands. Boston Courier, Boston. May 7, 1828 (see Ward 1967a, p. 346-
347).
Anon. 1835. Mr. Samuel Joy. New Bedford Mercury, New Bedford. March 20, 1835 (see
Ward 1967b, p. 539-540).
Anon. 1850. Brig Agate from McKean's Island. The Daily Herald, Newburyport. January
25, 1850 (see Ward 1967a, p 80).
93