Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Tuesday August 13th Lectures
a large collection of saprophitic and mycorrhizal dried
samples from almost all the regions of the country. The
most important collections of mycorrhizal mushrooms
come from the highlands because of their diversity and
knowledge of the Mayan people. Species described only
for North America as Boletus edulis, Catathelasma
ventricosa, Gomphus floccosus, Lactarius salmonicolor,
Rhizopogon evadens and others were found. New and
possible endemic species are present in the genera
Amanita, Boletus, Cortinarius, Lactarius, Russula,
Tylopilus, but more studies are necessary. Interesting
findings on distribution of species in the Caribbean area
and south east of the country have also been reported.
140 - Effect of host tree species on fungal community
composition on a tropical rain forest in Panama
A. Ferrer
State University of New York-ESF, 706 W. Michigan Ave
Urbana, Illinois 61801, U.S.A. - E-mail:
astridferrer@hotmail.com
Wood-inhabiting ascomycetes and basidiomycetes
represent a diverse group of taxa which play an important
role in decomposition and nutrient cycling. Little is known
about how communities of these organisms are organized
or how tree host influences community structure. To
determine whether host tree species influences the
composition of fungal communities, the ascomycetes and
basidiomycetes present on three host species: Prioria
copaifera, Quararibea asterolepis, and Trichilia
tuberculata were sampled on a plot on Barro Colorado
Island, Panama. Fungal diversity was high. Sampling of
181 trees and branches found dead over three years yielded
75 ascomycetes and 112 basidiomycetes species. The
highest diversity of both fungal groups was found on
Prioria, but the asymptote of species accumulation curves
was not reached for any host tree. Ordination of fungal
communities revealed distinct differences between hosts,
but strong similarity within hosts across years. The most
abundant fungal species of both ascomycetes and
basidiomycetes were generalists found on all three hosts.
However, Quararibea harbored more species unique on
this host. Randomization tests revealed that there were
significantly fewer host generalist fungi than expected for
ascomycetes but not for basidiomycetes. These results
indicate that host composition plays a role in structuring
both ascomycete and basidiomycete communities, but that
the most successful species are capable of colonizing
multiple host species.
141 - Conservation of biodiversity: Effects of varying
levels of green-tree retention on ectomycorrhizal fungus
diversity
D.L. Luoma * & J.L. Eberhart
Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University,
Corvallis, OR 97331, U.S.A. - E-mail: luomad@fsl.orst.edu
46
Book of Abstracts
The Demonstration of Ecosystem Management Options
(DEMO) experiment examines the effects of green-tree
retention on mycorrhizal fungi, vegetation, wildlife,
insects, soils, hydrology, and social perceptions of forested
landscapes. Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi were sampled
from three replicated treatment blocks. Sporocarp
production and ectomycorrhizae were assessed before and
after trees were cut. 197 EM species were identified from
sporocarps (57 hypogeous, 140 epigeous) and 188 EM
morphotypes were described from soil cores. Hypogeous
sporocarp production of the genera Gautieria and
Rhizopogon was greatly reduced by heavy thinning as was
mushroom production in the genera Cortinarius, Inocybe,
and Russula. Moderate thinning retained higher levels of
sporocarp production. The cumulative number of EM types
was estimated for each treatment via the Abundance-based
Coverage Estimator (ACE). The ACE attempts to account
for species that are present in a population but not observed
in the sample. Fewer EM types per soil core in the most
heavily cut areas translated into a severe reduction in the
rate at which species accumulated. The rarer species were
disproportionately affected in the heavily cut areas and EM
diversity was greatly lowered, especially as compared to
the moderately thinned areas. Both the sporocarp data and
the EM data suggested that diversity indices responded in a
non-linear manner to varying levels of green-tree retention.
142 - Hygrocybe and Cuphophyllus as ecological
indicators
J.B. Jordal
Ressurssenteret i Tingvoll, N-6610 Øksendal, Norway.
A total of 46 species and 7 varieties of Hygrocybe sensu
lato are known from Norway. Most species are been found
during investigations of seminatural grasslands. Hygrocybe
species are also found in rich forests, fens, and in alpine
areas. Data on Hygrocybe species from 650 grassland
localities have been collected in the years 1992-2001, with
a total of 3650 records excl. duplicates. Some species show
a southern distribution pattern, e. g. H. intermedia. Studies
of vertical distribution show that there are lowland species,
e. g. H. irrigata, indifferent species, e.g. H. conica, H.
pratensis, and 'summer farm species' with the highest
frequency in north boreal (subalpine) region: e.g. H.
nitrata, H. turunda. There are species occuring mainly in
calcareous areas, e.g. H. colemanniana. H. vitellina seems
to have an oceanic distribution pattern, some other species
may be suboceanic. The frequencies of the grassland
species are presented. Most rare grassland species seem to
be good indicators of species rich localities with a long
grazing continuity. The fragmentation of Hygrocybe
localities in the cultural landscape is a continuing process.
The county of Møre og Romsdal has a much higher density
of species rich localities than Denmark and the
Netherlands. It is a challenge to save the Hygrocybe
localities for future generations.