Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association
Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association
Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
IMC7 Main Congress Theme V: CELL BIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY Posters<br />
Science, Dept. <strong>of</strong> Structural Biology, Rehovot 76100,<br />
Israel. - E-mail: garty@post.tau.ac.il<br />
The formation <strong>of</strong> calcium-containing structures on the<br />
thallial surface <strong>of</strong> the lichen Ramalina lacera (With.) J.R.<br />
Laund. in response to air pollution and to simulated acid<br />
rain, was studied in in situ and transplanted thalli. In situ<br />
thalli were collected from an unpolluted site and<br />
transplanted to heavily polluted and to less polluted sites<br />
for a ten-months period. Additional thalli were treated<br />
either with double distilled water or with simulated acid<br />
rain. SEM and infrared spectrometry revealed that thallial<br />
surfaces <strong>of</strong> in situ R. lacera samples collected in unpolluted<br />
sites were covered with two kinds <strong>of</strong> calcium oxalate<br />
crystals. These aggregates <strong>of</strong> calcium oxalate crystals<br />
appear to disintegrate and provide a crystal layer on the<br />
thallial surface. Infrared spectroscopy <strong>of</strong> powder scrapped<br />
from thallial surfaces <strong>of</strong> transplants, retrieved from nonpolluted<br />
sites, showed the presence <strong>of</strong> whewellite and<br />
weddelite whereas powders obtained from thalli retrieved<br />
from polluted sites contained whewellite, weddelite and<br />
gypsum. It is suggested that a certain fraction <strong>of</strong> the<br />
gypsum detected in crater-like structures in transplants<br />
from polluted sites and in thalli treated with simulated acid<br />
rain is endogenous and should be considered a biomineral.<br />
1106 - Biotechnological aspects <strong>of</strong> basidiomycetes study<br />
V.P. Gavrilova 1* , N.S. Yakovleva 1 , O.V. Koroleva 2 , E.V.<br />
Stepanova 2 & E.O. Landesman 2<br />
1 V.L.Komarov Institute <strong>of</strong> Botany Russian Academy <strong>of</strong><br />
Sciences, Pr<strong>of</strong>. Popov Str., 2, St. Petersburg, 198022,<br />
Russia. - 2 A.N.Bach Institute <strong>of</strong> Biochemistry Russian<br />
Academy <strong>of</strong> Sciences, Leninskii pr.33, Moscow, 117071,<br />
Russia. - E-mail: Valeria@VG2438.spb.edu<br />
The study <strong>of</strong> physiological and biochemical peculiarities <strong>of</strong><br />
Basidiomycetes opens a wide range <strong>of</strong> possibilities for their<br />
using in biotechnology. The first step <strong>of</strong> creation <strong>of</strong><br />
biotechnological process starts with an investigation <strong>of</strong><br />
physiology <strong>of</strong> fungal producer. The Collection <strong>of</strong> LE(BIN),<br />
containing a great number <strong>of</strong> Basidiomycetes provides the<br />
opportunity to carry out the study on biology <strong>of</strong><br />
macromycetes development in culture including the<br />
investigation <strong>of</strong> enzymatic activities <strong>of</strong> macromycetes. The<br />
kinetic regularities (duration <strong>of</strong> lag-period, specific rate <strong>of</strong><br />
growth, the velocity <strong>of</strong> carbohydrate consumption,<br />
economical coefficient, the influence <strong>of</strong> pH on the growth<br />
and metabolism) and peculiarities <strong>of</strong> ligninolytic enzymes<br />
biosynthesis under the submerged cultivation <strong>of</strong><br />
Basidiomycetes belonging to families Polyporaceae,<br />
Ganodermataceae and Strophariaceae have been studied. It<br />
has been shown that rate <strong>of</strong> culture growth and enzyme<br />
synthesis can be regulated by cultivation conditions and<br />
desirable level <strong>of</strong> enzymes produced can be achieved by<br />
screening <strong>of</strong> appropriated producers. The combination <strong>of</strong><br />
fast method developed for fungi screening on agar plates<br />
and the study <strong>of</strong> biosynthetic peculiarities <strong>of</strong> macromycetes<br />
under the conditions <strong>of</strong> submerged cultivation allows to<br />
chose the most prominent strains for different<br />
biotechnological applications, in particular for obtaining <strong>of</strong><br />
ligninolytic enzymes, biologically active substances as well<br />
as biomass with high protein concentration.<br />
1107 - Identification <strong>of</strong> transposon-like sequences in the<br />
genome <strong>of</strong> fungi belonging to the Glomales<br />
A. Gollotte * , O. Chatagnier, C. Arnould, D. van Tuinen, S.<br />
Gianinazzi & V. Gianinazzi-Pearson<br />
UMR 1088 BBCE-IPM, INRA, BP86510, 21065 Dijon<br />
Cedex, France. - E-mail: a.gollotte@epoisses.inra.fr<br />
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomales) which are<br />
important for plant health and survival are ancient<br />
organisms which appeared with the first land plants more<br />
than 400 million years ago. Their genome is large (108 to<br />
109 bp) and is rich is repeated sequences. A high level <strong>of</strong><br />
genetic polymorphism exists within their multinucleate<br />
spores. The aim <strong>of</strong> this work was to characterise repetitive<br />
DNA elements and provide a greater insight into the<br />
structure <strong>of</strong> the genome in the Glomales. Repeated<br />
sequences were isolated by screening lambda ZAPII<br />
genomic libraries from Glomus mosseae BEG12,<br />
Gigaspora rosea BEG9 and Gigaspora margarita BEG 34<br />
or by genomic self-priming PCR (GSP-PCR). Insert length<br />
ranged from 900 to 6000 bp and the copy number <strong>of</strong> each<br />
repeated sequence in the genome was between 70 and<br />
8000. Of 25 sequences that were isolated, all were rich in<br />
AT. Most <strong>of</strong> the sequences had no open reading frame and<br />
showed no homology to known sequences. However, short<br />
regions in these sequences were identical to elements<br />
present in transposons in other organisms. Two sequences<br />
showed similarity to reverse transcriptases. The distribution<br />
<strong>of</strong> these sequences in the genome is being determined by<br />
Southern blot and FISH. The presence <strong>of</strong> transposon-like<br />
sequences in the genome <strong>of</strong> the Glomales may have<br />
contributed to the appearance <strong>of</strong> high genetic<br />
polymorphism in the large genome <strong>of</strong> these fungi during<br />
evolution. This work is part <strong>of</strong> the european project<br />
GENOMYCA (QLRT-2000-01319).<br />
1108 - Black fungal colonies as units <strong>of</strong> survival: hyphal<br />
mycosporines synthesized by rock dwelling fungi<br />
A. Gorbushina 1* , M. Volkmann 1 , Th. Dornieden 1 , H.<br />
Ruetters 2 & J. Rullkoetter 2<br />
1 Geomicrobiology, ICBM, P.O.Box 2503, D-26111<br />
Oldenburg, Germany. - 2 Organic Geochemistry, ICBM,<br />
P.O.Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. - E-mail:<br />
anna.gorbushina@uni-oldenburg.de<br />
Microcolonial fungi (MCF), long living vegetative mycelia<br />
frequently occurring on desert rock surfaces, are exposed to<br />
strong ultraviolet radiation, desiccation and nutrient<br />
scarcity. Fungal rock dwelling microcolonies lack<br />
ascospores and all their cells possess a thick melanised cell<br />
wall. These simply organised mycelial structures grow by<br />
mitotic cell divisions, but frequently are more stress-<br />
<strong>Book</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Abstracts</strong> 335