Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures
related species occurring in boreal habitats in association
with mostly deciduous trees. For this study, numerous
collections of C. favrei and of C. absarokensis from
circumpolar localities between the West-coast of the USA
and the Russian Far-East were morphologically compared
to each other and to closely related taxa of subgenus
Myxacium section Myxacium. Moreover, nuclear DNA
sequence data from the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1
and ITS2) were generated and analyzed for the study
group. Based on these extensive molecular and
morphological data, phylogenetic, morphological, and
ecological species concepts in alpine fungi are discussed.
47 - Basidiomycetes of Greenland
T. Borgen, S.A. Elborne & H. Knudsen *
Botanical Museum, University of Copenhagen,
Gothersgade 130, DK-1123 Copenhagen K., Denmark.
Based on c. 10.000 collections of basidiomycetes from the
Greenland Herbarium in Copenhagen (C) a checklist
including 843 species has been established (in press). A
quantitative analysis of the composition of the list
regarding mode of nutrition and taxonomic structure is
presented and compared to that from a temperate, northern
European region. The development of special arctic
elements in the funga as well as different ways of
adaptation to the cold environment is shown and some
fungal taxa acting as pioneers in young landscapes are
pointed out. Examples of the major distributional types of
basidiomycetes in Greenland are presented as well as
typical representatives of an arctic(-alpine) and subarctic(subalpine)
circumpolar distribution based on the authors
collections from Alaska, Siberia, Svalbard, Iceland and the
Alps as well as records from the literature. Finally, the
biodiversity of the Greenland funga is compared to that of
the well-investigated Greenland flora.
48 - Mycoknowledge related to Svalbard (Spitsbergen)
G. Gulden
Botanical museum, P.O.Box 1172 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo,
Norway. - E-mail: gro.gulden@nhm.uio.no
Svalbard is today an easily accessible arctic region with
well equipped research stations and housing facilities.
Never the less, the mycological exploration has been casual
and our knowledge is fragmentary. Only the lichen flora,
comprising almost 600 recognised species, may be
considered well studied. During the almost 170 years from
S. C. Sommerfelt published the first account on fungi from
Svalbard, up till today, only about 600 non-lichenised fungi
have been recognised. They belong to all four divisions of
the Mycota, but only a few taxonomic groups have been
systematically sampled and studied, e.g. ascomycetes of
the genera Lamprospora and Pleospora, gasteromycetes of
the genera Calvatia and Bovista, agarics of the genera,
Arrhenia and Galerina. An account on micromycetes on
vascular plants exists (197 species) and a checklist of
Svalbard's pyrenomycetes ss. lat. (129 species). Some
ecological groups have been studied in detail, e.g.
lichenicolous fungi (60 species) and dryadicolous fungi (34
species). Furthermore, soil fungi have been isolated from
peat soils and mycorrhiza and root-associated fungi have
been studied in a number of vascular plants. A taxonomic
catalogue to Svalbard plants, fungi, algae and
cyanobacteria was published in 1996 with the intention
also of giving a broad impression of occurrence and
ecology of the species. For most of the fungi this is very
tentative.
49 - Fungal diversity in arctic Lapland and the
Scandinavian mountains
K. Bendiksen 1* & E. Ohenoja 2
1 Botanical Garden and Museum, Trondheimsveien 23 B, N-
0562 Oslo, Norway. - 2 Botanical Museum, University of
Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014 University of Oulu,
Finland.
In Fennoscandia (North Europe) the climatic timberline is
1200 m asl. in the central mountain massif of S. Norway,
and decreases gradually towards the north and coastal
areas. It reaches the sea level on the N. coast of Finnmark
(71°N). The area above the timberline covers large parts
(32%) of Norway. In Sweden the arctic (oroarctic)
mountain areas are situated near the Norwegian border. In
Finland the arctic vegetation covers only small areas in the
northernmost Lapland. Records concerning Basidiomycetes
from the arctic zone are sporadic. Some areas, particularly
around the research stations, have been objects for more
intensive studies and collecting. The following areas where
relatively plentiful data is available are included in the
presentation: 1) S. Norway, Hardangervidda (Finse),
Jotunheimen, Rondane, Dovrefjell 2) N. Sweden,
Norrbotten (Abisko) 3) NW. Finnish Lapland (Kilpisjärvi),
the adjacent areas in Troms, Norway 4) NE. Finnish
Lapland (Kevo, the fjells of Utsjoki and Inari), the adjacent
areas in Finnmark, Norway About 400 identified fungus
taxa (Basidiomycetes except wood-inhabiting
Aphyllophorales) have been dealt with, and ecological
aspects are discussed. There is a considerable reduction
(60-80%) in the number of fungus species in the arctic
zone as compared with that in the subarctic birch forests.
The proportion of mycorrhizal species is highest (ca. 60%)
in low arctic continental areas versus the low - middle
arctic, slightly oceanic areas (45%).
50 - Alpine macrofungi of North America (Rocky
Mountains)
C.L. Cripps
Montana State University, Plant Sciences Dept., Bozeman,
MT, U.S.A. - E-mail: CCripps@montana.edu
Book of Abstracts 17