Book of Abstracts (PDF) - International Mycological Association

IMC7 Monday August 12th Lectures
distinct species. Mycorrhizal ammonia fungi obtained in
the Southern Hemisphere were Hebeloma spp. and
Laccaria spp. Many collections of the Hebeloma spp.
obtained from New Zealand conformed to the
morphological species concept of H. aminophilum in
Australia. Data from their ITS rDNA sequences supported
the above identification. H. vinosophyllum, a species only
recorded from Japan, is a Northern Hemisphere counterpart
species to H. aminophilum. These results suggest that some
ammonia fungi in the Southern Hemisphere have closely
similar counterpart species in the Northern Hemisphere.
40 - Southern Hemisphere truffles - friends or
relatives?
T. Lebel * & F. Udovicic
Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Birdwood Avenue,
South Yarra, 3141 Victoria, Australia. - E-mail:
teresa.lebel@rbg.vic.gov.au
Current research utilising molecular data is focussing
attention on the evolution of and relationships between and
within previously stable higher taxonomic groupings.
Preliminary data is causing many researchers to take a
closer look at morphological characters traditionally
thought to delimit genera, families and even orders. The
truffles or sequestrate fungi are a polyphyletic, diverse
group of macrofungi, well represented in Australia and
New Zealand. Where do they fit into the changing world of
fungal relationships? Three examples will be discussed,
highlighting some of the challenges at different taxonomic
levels facing researchers. A new genus of truffle based on a
single species is described and its position within the
Agaricales confirmed. The recently described genus
Amarrendia is thought to be the simplified 'end-point' of a
morphological continuum including the agaricoid Amanita
and the secotioid Torrendia. Relationships to other
Amanitaceae are examined using molecular and
morphological data. In Australasia the truffle-like
Russulales are more diverse than previously thought, with
some 40 new species recently described. Analyses of
morphological characters provide some support of truffle
generic boundaries, while molecular work suggests
multiple origins of truffles within Russula and Lactarius.
However, it is possible that there are both lineages which
contain both agaricoid and truffle species, as well as
lineages with strictly truffle morphology.
41 - Corticiaceae of Patagonia: species' richness, rarity
and distributional patterns
A.G. Greslebin * & M. Rajchenberg
Centro Forestal CIEFAP, CC 14, 9200 Esquel, Chubut,
Argentina. - E-mail: alina@ciefap.cyt.edu.ar
The Corticiaceae (Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycota) of
southern Argentina are reviewed, with emphasis on Tierra
del Fuego. A total of 156 species were recorded of which
20% are endemic, 3% austral and 77% were either
cosmopolitan or with another distributional pattern. Within
the endemic species we found the new genera and species
Nothocorticium patagonicum and Rhizochaete brunnea,
and species in Hyphodontia (8), Dendrothele (5),
Athelopsis (2), Hymenochaete (2), Aleurodiscus (3),
Amyloathelia (1), Ceraceomyces (1), Fibricium (1),
Hypochniciellum (1), Leptosporomyces (1), Sistotrema (2),
Tubulicrinis (2), Tulasnella (1) and Vararia (1). An
assessment of rarity of these taxa is presented, based on
their abundance, distributional area and niche specificity.
Of the five austral taxa, three are very rare, being recorded
only once (Dendrothele biapiculata, Epithelopsis fulva and
Hypochniciellum oblongisporum). Some endemic taxa
appear to be closely related to Australian/New Zealand
taxa, sharing distinctive characters within their genera. For
example, Aleurodiscus antarcticus, A. triviale (Argentina)
and A. parmuliformis (New Zealand) have smooth
basidiospores and skeletocystidia and, morphologically
seem intermediate between Aleurodiscus and Stereum.
Species in Hyphodontia are also discussed as well as
noteworthy species from other genera. Our knowledge of
these fungi is far from complete since several forest types
with distinctive environments remain unexplored.
42 - Rust fungi (Uredinales) and smut fungi
(Ustilaginales) in New Zealand
E.H.C. McKenzie
Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New
Zealand. - E-mail: mckenziee@landcareresearch.co.nz
This paper examines the relationship between rust fungi
and smut fungi in New Zealand and other parts of the
world. New Zealand is a land of immigrants, and much of
the rust and smut mycota is also introduced. Early
Polynesian migrants may have introduced some rust fungi
to the northern, subtropical Kermadec Islands, but
European introductions of host plants, together with
contaminating fungal spores, are the principal source of
introduced rusts and smuts. Despite strict quarantine
enforcement new rusts and smuts are continuing to be
introduced. Recently introduced plant material may have
introduced gladiolus rust and a dock rust from South
Africa. A major source of new arrivals is wind-blown rust
spores from Australia. The native rust and smut mycota has
close affinities to the Australian mycota. Of 125 native
rusts, 89 (71%) are considered to be endemic while 33
(26%) also occur in Australia; of 30 native smuts, 14 (47%)
are endemic and 12 (40%) are also found in Australia.
Some indigenous rusts and smuts are known only in
outlying islands e.g., Puccinia embergeriae (Chatham Is),
Uredo inflata (Auckland Is), Restiosporium dissimile
(Chatham Is). Puccinia oreoboli is restricted to the New
Zealand subantarctic islands and to the highlands of Papua
New Guinea while the smut, Microbotryum nivale, is
known on an isolated mountain in Central Otago, and in
Arctic Europe and Greenland. Only two indigenous rusts
and three smuts are known to have South American
affinities.
Book of Abstracts 15