Landforms of British Columbia 1976 - Department of Geography

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Sea cliff-the wave-eroded cliff on the shoreward margin of a beach or terrace that is subject to wave attack. See Plate XLVA. Serrate-a saw-tooth profile, as of a ridge. Sheeting-gently dipping joints that are essentially parallel to the ground surface; they are more closely spaced near the surface and become progressively farther apart with depth. Sheeting is especially well developed in granitic rocks. Shield volcano-a broad, gently sloping volcanic cone of flat domical shape, usually several tens or hundreds of square miles in extent, built chiefly of overlapping and interfingering basaltic lava flows. See Plates XXVIA and XVIIB. Snowline-the limit of height at which snow is permanent throughout the year. Stock-a body of plutonic rock that covers less than 40 square miles; it commonly has steeply dipping contacts. Strandflat-a low coastal platform that abuts higher terrain on the landward side; it may be partly submerged and its altitude depends partly on recent vertical movements of the coast. See Plate VIA. Strike-the bearing of the intersection of an inclined plane with the horizontal. Structural-pertaining to, part of, or consequent upon geologic structure, as a structural valley. Subsequent stream-one that has grown headward by retrogressive erosion along a belt of weak structure; used also for streams which have been thus developed in one cycle and persist in the same course in a following cycle. Syncline-a fold in rocks in which the strata dip inward from both sides toward the axis; the opposite of anticline. Talus, wee-the heap of coarse waste at the foot of a cliff or a sheet of waste cov- ering a slope below a cliff. See Plate XXIXB. Tarn-small mountain lake or pool occupying an ice-gouged basin on the floor of a cirque-a cirque lake. See Plate XB. Tectonic-pertaining to the rock structure and external forms resulting from the deformation of the earth’s crust. Terrain-tract or region of ground immediately under consideration. Thrust fault-a reverse fault that is characterized by a low angle of inclination to the horizontal. See overthrust. Till-non-sorted and non-stratified glacial stony clay. Timberline-the height on mountains above which there are no trees. Trellis drainage-arrangement of parallel tributary streams generally flowing at right angles into a trunk stream. Tuya-flat-topped, steep-sided volcano consisting of horizontal beds of lava capping outward-dipping beds of fragmental volcanic rocks. See Plate XV& Under%-a stream is underfit when it is too small to have eroded the valley it now occupies. See Plate XLA. UplandsAlevated land surfaces, exclusive of valleys, that are represented by flat- topped ridges and gently sloping areas. They are remnants of an erosion SW- face produced during an earlier erosion cycle and subsequently dissected. See Plate XVI.4. Uplift-elevation of any extensive part of the earth’s surface relative to some other part; opposed to subsidence. Upwarp--an area that has been uplifted, generally as a broad dome or anticline. U-shaped valley-a glacial trough or glaciated valley having a flat floor and ex- tremely steep sides, with a cross-ection like the letter “ U.” See Plate XLIIB. Valley train-the outwash material deposited by the stream in the valley below a glacier. See Plate 11.4. Volcanism, volcanic activity-the natural processes resulting in the formation of volcanoes, volcanic rocks, lava flows, etc. 130
INDEX The place names listed are those of physiographic rather than geographic importance. Many are to be found only on more detailed maps, such as the N.T.S. 1:2SO,OOO maps. Each mountain of which the elevation is give” is listed. A Alberta Pla Alden, n Alex Grab Almond Mount: Anahim antecede Apex Map Arctic Moun Argonaut Plain Aristazat Arm Ash I Ashnol; Assini Atlin Atria At”= A BeFir Beau bedn get B&l Bell-Irving bibliogra ii? Doe Mc Black Angus Creel Blustry MO” B ;;;%;;kRa”pe bound&es, selectior ai” - -...- 78 Brooks, 1 Buckle, Bulkley 1 Bullhead Mount; Bullmoose Mounts Bunsby I&x-. Carp Lake Cascade Mounta Cassiar batholi Cassiar Mountai Cheam, M C!2~aorn~ Range Chtlcoti” Ral Chila Chilkat I Chilko L Chukach Chur< C
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Bulletin 48 Landforms of British Co
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The technical references are believ
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PAGE Chapter II.-Physiographic Subd
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FIQ. ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Landform map
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PLATE PAOE XVIII. (33) Stikine Plat
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PLATE XXXVIIB. (70) Rocky Mountain
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traveller. If he SO wishes, his enj
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pendants which, because of their se
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As Iava cools and consolidates, it
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are lithologic differences from pla
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mentary rocks are folded and faulte
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Field work by members of the Geolog
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Alden, W. C.: “ Phys
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The western boundary of the Eastern
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INSULAR MOUNTAINS The Insular Mount
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H. C., “ Geology and Mineral Depo
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The extreme northeastern tip of Gra
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the strait. It is suggested that th
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The lowland consists of many low, w
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anges farther west. The ranges sout
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Pacific Ranges The Pa&c Ranges (see
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Columbia. The mountains along the 4
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ones, and widening and deepening th
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south end of Teslin Lake, which sep
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Between the Taku &nd Sheslay Rivers
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The tuyas consist of nearly horizon
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sloping areas of upland remain undi
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mostly in the Babine Range. The roc
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to Eutsuk Lake on the southern side
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I These valleys are at a fairly hig
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Detailed studies made around severa
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The area is drained by the Finlay,
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Plateau and the Nechako Plateau, an
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iver in pre-Pl&ocene time or whethe
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dissected upland surface of the pla
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Thompson and North Thompson River v
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Adams, and Shuswap Rivers and their
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highlands, but the main effects of
Page 77 and 78: eda Rivers on the west and the Colu
Page 79 and 80: The amount of relief is governed by
Page 81 and 82: “ Striae, roches moutonn&s, and l
Page 83 and 84: The boundary between the Rocky Moun
Page 85 and 86: [References: Price, R. A., “ Fern
Page 87 and 88: 8,820 feet, and the lowest point in
Page 89 and 90: margin of the Rocky Mountains% it s
Page 91 and 92: Devonian limestones that are thrust
Page 93 and 94: locally, as a rule only on the nort
Page 95 and 96: Dept. of Mines and Petroleum Remmx?
Page 97 and 98: CHAPTER III.-SPECIAL ASPECTS OF THE
Page 99 and 100: movement, and regional studies of t
Page 101 and 102: Both the Atlas of British Columbia
Page 103 and 104: ase of the Sumas till in the Fraser
Page 105 and 106: British Columbia includes the drain
Page 107 and 108: The Parsnip and Finlay Rivers were
Page 109 and 110: upper Fraser River is the result of
Page 111 and 112: Its pattern of flow within the moun
Page 113 and 114: materials. Along the west coast of
Page 115 and 116: , Pleistocene probably has been bet
Page 117 and 118: A small volcanic cone with associat
Page 119 and 120: ‘I , titularly for those interest
Page 121 and 122: The Pinchi fault and its northweste
Page 123 and 124: component of the discordant pattern
Page 125 and 126: APPENDIX B.-GLOSSARY * Aggrade-to b
Page 127: Lineation-in rock the parallel orie
Page 131: 85 126 :: :: 116
Page 134 and 135: Quam Quartz ~ountam Queen Bess, Mou
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Landforms of British Columbia 1976 - Department of Geography

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