Landforms of British Columbia 1976 - Department of Geography

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Era Cenozoic. Mesozoic. Paleozoic. Proterozoic. Archsean. APPENDIX A.-GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE Quaternary. ReCe”t. Pleistocene (Ice Age). Tertiary. Pliocene. Miocene. Oligocene. EOCeUe. PalWXellC. CRtaCeOUS. Jurassic. Triassic. Permian. Pennsylvanian and Mississippian. DWOlliXl. Silurian. Ordovician. Cambrian. KeWeellaWan. Huronian. Temiskaming. Keewatin. 126 Last 10,000 10,000 to 1,000,000 yoLls) 13 to 13 25 25 to 36 36to 58 58 to 63 63 to 135 135to 181 181 to 230 230 to 280 280 to 345 345to 405 405 to 425 425 to 500 soot0 600 600 to 2,000 2,000 to 4,800
APPENDIX B.-GLOSSARY * Aggrade-to build up by the deposition of material in a stream bed. See Plate 11~. Antecedent-streams that are not diverted by structures which grow athwart their course are said to be antecedent; that is, they are antecedent to the uplift. See Plate XLIV.4. Anticline-an arch-like fold of bedded or layered rock. A&e-an acute and rugged crest of a ridge or of a mountain spur such as that between two cirques. See Plates I and IX. Basin-tie drainage area of a large river and its tributaries. Batholith-a body of intrusive rock more than 40 square miles in extent. Bed-a small division of layered sedimentary rocks marked by a more or less well- defined divisional plane from its neighbours above and below. Breccia-a rock consisting of angular fragments cemented together. The pebbles of a conglomerate are water-worn. Breccia pipe-a vertical or highly inclined lenticular, oval or round opening in rocks that has been filled by angular rock fragments. Cinder cone-a conical elevation formed by the accumulation of volcanic ash or clinker-like material around a volcanic vent. See Plate VIA. Cique-a deep steep-walled amphitheatre-like recess in a mountain caused by glacial erosion. See Plate XXIXB. Coastal plain-a plain which has its margin on the shore of the sea and represents a strip of recently emerged sea bottom. See Plate IV. Col-a low pass or saddle on the divide between two drainage systems. Contour line-an imaginary line on the ground, every point of which is at the same elevation. Cordillera-the great mountain region of western North America between the Interior Plains and the Pacific Ocean. Cuesta-a gently sloping structural plain terminated on one side by an abrupt slope or scarp. Dip-the angle of inclination from the horizontal of a stratum or any planar feature. Dissection-the work of erosion that destroys the continuity of an even surface by cutting ravines or valleys into it. When the dissection is complete, no rem- nants of the original surface remain. Drift-any rock material, such as boulders, till, gravel, sand, or clay, transported by a glacier and deposited directly by it or deposited by or in water derived from the melting of glacier ice. Drumlin-an elongate or oval hill of glacial drift whose long axis is parallel to the direction of flow of a former glacier. See Plate XXV. Dyke-a tabular body of igneous rock that cuts across other rocks. Erosion surface-a land surface produced by erosion rather than by deposition. See Plates XVB and XXXVIII. Esker-a narrow sinuous ridge of gravelly or sandy stratified drift deposited by a stream in association with glacier ice. See Plate XVA. Eustatic-pertaining to simultaneous, world-wide changes in sea-level. Fault-a fracture or fracture zone along which there has been displacement of the two sides relative to each other. Fiord-an inlet resulting from the sea entering a deeply excavated glacial trough after the melting away of the glacier. See Plate XLVIa. l Definitions ,arge,y adapted from “ Glossary Of GeOLOgy; .4me,iron Geob&-kol rnslltutc, ,957. 127
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Bulletin 48 Landforms of British Co
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The technical references are believ
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PAGE Chapter II.-Physiographic Subd
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FIQ. ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Landform map
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PLATE PAOE XVIII. (33) Stikine Plat
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PLATE XXXVIIB. (70) Rocky Mountain
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traveller. If he SO wishes, his enj
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pendants which, because of their se
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As Iava cools and consolidates, it
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are lithologic differences from pla
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mentary rocks are folded and faulte
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Field work by members of the Geolog
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Alden, W. C.: “ Phys
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The western boundary of the Eastern
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INSULAR MOUNTAINS The Insular Mount
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H. C., “ Geology and Mineral Depo
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The extreme northeastern tip of Gra
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the strait. It is suggested that th
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The lowland consists of many low, w
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anges farther west. The ranges sout
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Pacific Ranges The Pa&c Ranges (see
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Columbia. The mountains along the 4
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ones, and widening and deepening th
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south end of Teslin Lake, which sep
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Between the Taku &nd Sheslay Rivers
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The tuyas consist of nearly horizon
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sloping areas of upland remain undi
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mostly in the Babine Range. The roc
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to Eutsuk Lake on the southern side
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I These valleys are at a fairly hig
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Detailed studies made around severa
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The area is drained by the Finlay,
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Plateau and the Nechako Plateau, an
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iver in pre-Pl&ocene time or whethe
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dissected upland surface of the pla
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Thompson and North Thompson River v
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Page 75 and 76: highlands, but the main effects of
Page 77 and 78: eda Rivers on the west and the Colu
Page 79 and 80: The amount of relief is governed by
Page 81 and 82: “ Striae, roches moutonn&s, and l
Page 83 and 84: The boundary between the Rocky Moun
Page 85 and 86: [References: Price, R. A., “ Fern
Page 87 and 88: 8,820 feet, and the lowest point in
Page 89 and 90: margin of the Rocky Mountains% it s
Page 91 and 92: Devonian limestones that are thrust
Page 93 and 94: locally, as a rule only on the nort
Page 95 and 96: Dept. of Mines and Petroleum Remmx?
Page 97 and 98: CHAPTER III.-SPECIAL ASPECTS OF THE
Page 99 and 100: movement, and regional studies of t
Page 101 and 102: Both the Atlas of British Columbia
Page 103 and 104: ase of the Sumas till in the Fraser
Page 105 and 106: British Columbia includes the drain
Page 107 and 108: The Parsnip and Finlay Rivers were
Page 109 and 110: upper Fraser River is the result of
Page 111 and 112: Its pattern of flow within the moun
Page 113 and 114: materials. Along the west coast of
Page 115 and 116: , Pleistocene probably has been bet
Page 117 and 118: A small volcanic cone with associat
Page 119 and 120: ‘I , titularly for those interest
Page 121 and 122: The Pinchi fault and its northweste
Page 123: component of the discordant pattern
Page 127 and 128: Lineation-in rock the parallel orie
Page 129 and 130: INDEX The place names listed are th
Page 131: 85 126 :: :: 116
Page 134 and 135: Quam Quartz ~ountam Queen Bess, Mou
Page 136: 138
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Landforms of British Columbia 1976 - Department of Geography

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