Boating and Sailing.pdf - Moja ladja

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Keeping Your Engine Happy In This Chapter ◆ Basic engine maintenance ◆ Fight back against corrosion ◆ Trouble afloat—and how to fix it 22 Chapter Modern marine engines don’t take a lot of care, but they do need a bit of attention from time to time to keep them purring. A few minutes of engine care before every boating day will be repaid with reliable starts, longer engine life, and much less chance of trouble when you’re far from land, so it’s time well spent. And it can save you a boatload of money—it’s a lot cheaper to add a quart of oil today than to rebuild the engine tomorrow. This chapter looks at general engine maintenance and also includes a few tips for minor troubleshooting when something goes wrong. (Thankfully, the tinkering that used to be a part of many outings is starting to disappear with ever-morereliable marine engines.)
296 Part 6: Boating Maintenance Let’s Get Oiled The most obvious but probably most forgotten part of engine care is keeping oil in the tank of two-cycle engines with oil injection. Although there are warning horns and speedlimiters to prevent you from overlooking this duty for long, many boaters have learned that by the time the horns go off and the limiters kick in, it’s too late—your next cruise is to the $40-an-hour repair shop. Boater-ese A speed-limiter (or “revlimiter”) is used on many marine engines, both to prevent winding past the redline or recommended top limit for revolutions-per-minute, and to slow the engine to near idle speed if anything goes wrong with the lubrication or cooling systems. Two-cycles engines, unlike four-cycles engines, rely on delivery of lubricating oil with the gasoline to control friction and heat in the cylinders and bearings, so if you don’t make sure there’s always oil available to mix with the gas, your engine will have a short, unhappy life. (Four-cycles have a pool of oil in a pan at the bottom of the engine and don’t require it to be mixed with their fuel.) Most outboards of four cylinders or more have protective systems to prevent damage resulting from operation without oil. Most have warning horns (electronic beepers mounted in the dash or throttle box) that give an audible signal when you need to add oil or when the engine is running hot. On four-stroke outboards, stern drives, and inboards, both gas and diesel, check the oil dipstick religiously before every trip, and at each stop along the way on longer cruises. A four-cycle engine kept full of oil is a happy four-cycle. Tighten Your Belt When the belt on your trousers gets loose, it’s good. When your engine’s belts get loose, it’s bad. Outboards use rubber and fabric belts to drive their alternators, and inboards and I/Os use them to drive water pumps, the alternator, power steering, and more. The heat and vibration of operation on the water causes these belts to gradually go slack, and when they do they begin to slip. The more they slip, the faster they wear and the looser they get in a vicious circle that eventually sees them break. Keep the belts tight (most have an idler arm—a moveable pulley—or other adjuster) and you’ll eliminate this potential problem. Also, at least yearly, look at the underside of the belts for fraying or missing pieces. Any damage at all means it’s time for a replacement.
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Boating and Sailing Second Edition
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Contents at a Glance Part 1: Gettin
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Contents Part 1: Getting Started in
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Contents Watch Where You Tow ......
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Contents 9 Nautical Knots 129 When
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Contents 14 Nautical Radio Gear and
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Contents Fire Aboard ..............
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Contents Safe Downwind Turns ......
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Introduction As Ted Turner once sai
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oat, and offers some tips on how to
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Special Thanks to the Technical Rev
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Welcome to the Wet and Wonderful Wo
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What Kind of Boat Will Your Money B
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Freeboard Waterline Draft Bow Forwa
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Chapter 1: Welcome to the Wet and W
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Performance boats usually have a de
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plenty of time to go anywhere in a
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Power to the People— Marine Engin
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Tab Propeller Let’s run through t
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Chapter 2: Power to the People—Ma
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the top of the cylinder then shoots
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Low-Speed Fuel Gobblers Chapter 2:
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38 Part 1: Getting Started in Boati
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5 Chapter Getting Underway for the
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Chapter 5: Getting Underway for the
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The Art of Cornering Chapter 5: Get
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This sort of slow-down infuriates s
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86 Part 2: The Basics of Operation
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8 Chapter Anchors Aweigh! Making Yo
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Chapter 8: Anchors Aweigh! Making Y
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If You Lose Your Anchor Chapter 8:
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The Least You Need to Know Chapter
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Paddle Power: Canoes, Kayaks, and R
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In general, the lighter a canoe for
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Canoes that have rocker in the keel
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Chapter 10: Paddle Power: Canoes, K
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Rowboats are also a favorite of ang
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3 Part Getting from Point A to Poin
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160 Part 3: Getting from Point A to
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14 Chapter Nautical Radio Gear and
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Chapter 14: Nautical Radio Gear and
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The Lingo of VHF Chapter 14: Nautic
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The Color of Water Chapter 14: Naut
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4 Part Nature’s Triple Play: Wind
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210 Part 4: Nature’s Triple Play:
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Mastering the Tides In This Chapter
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Chapter 16: Mastering the Tides In
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Chapter 16: Mastering the Tides Cur
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Chapter 16: Mastering the Tides tha
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Chapter 16: Mastering the Tides In
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The Least You Need to Know Chapter
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Gearing Up for Safety In This Chapt
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Chapter 17: Gearing Up for Safety I
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Chapter 17: Gearing Up for Safety W
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Fire Extinguishers Chapter 17: Gear
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Page 294 and 295: The Well-Equipped Nautical Toolbox
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Page 320 and 321: Torque Time Chapter 22: Keeping You
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Chapter 26: Handling Your Sailboat
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The Sailing Right of Way Chapter 26
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356 Appendix A bearing The course i
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358 Appendix A fender A cushion pla
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360 Appendix A quartering seas Wave
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362 Appendix A trimaran A boat with
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364 Appendix B Marina Sailing (six
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Boating Online C Appendix There are
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Index A adjustable tools, 275-276 a
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classifications boat safety, 256 bo
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fire extinguishers automatic fire s
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knives Leathermans, 277 Swiss Army
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numbers and licenses, 243 nun buoys
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nylon, 130-131 polyester, 131 polyp
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speed considerations docking, 93 hi
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prop ventilation, 79 sails, 336-337
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A Little Knowledge Goes a Long Way
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