FLIGHT TRAINING INSTRUCTION T-45 WEAPONS/STRIKE - Cnatra

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CHAPTER FOUR T-45 WEAPONS/STRIKE These assumptions are slightly generous in that we normally operate at a gross weight less than 13,875 lbs and our response and G build up times are slightly less than that assumed. Our Z diagram release altitudes, pattern LAW settings and Break X computations are based upon the above information. To find the altitude lost in the recovery, simply subtract the recovery altitude from the release altitude. For example, in a 30 degree dive, 450 KTAS, 3000’ release: 3000 – 1468 = 1532’ lost. Valid Break X Determination With the above information, we could determine our expected valid Break X indication. As we previously discussed, the Break X in the HUD indicates an immediate recovery (based on above assumptions) to have the aircraft “bottom out” at 1000’ AGL. By adding altitude lost on recovery (1532’) to 1000’ we get 2532’AGL. With the addition of the target elevation, we can determine the MSL altitude we could expect the Break X to first illuminate. Weapon release should NEVER be accomplished with a valid Break X and is one of our tactical abort criteria. If you see a valid Break X appear, you are fixating on the target and “pressing the target”. Keep altitude in your scan. Altitude progression is first your planned altitude, followed by your minimum release altitude, then comes the Break X indication, followed by the LAW tone. If the LAW tone sounds before recovery initiation, you need to immediately and aggressively abort your run as it will have the aircraft bottom out between 200’ and 400’ AGL. Offset Aim Point The pipper of the T-45C manual delivery mode reflects where the weapon will impact the ground on a no-wind day, at our precise release parameters. VERY rarely, will you bomb on a no-wind or calm wind day. During your first few simulator events, you will have the conditions of no-wind so you can concentrate on aiming and releasing “pipper-to-bull”. In the aircraft and on late simulator events, you will be introduced to winds. With wind, if we aimed at the target, the wind will cause the bomb to drift away from the intended impact point. To counter this effect, we need to place our pipper in a position into the wind and let mother nature take its course. There is a formula that can be applied to find the distance we need to offset our aim point. Here’s where knowing the Time of Fall (TOF) of our weapon from the delivery data table comes into play. 4-4 PREFLIGHT PREPARATION
T-45 WEAPONS/STRIKE CHAPTER FOUR Figure 4-4 Offset Aim Point (OAP) Calculation To find the Offset Aim Point (OAP) we apply the following formula: 1.7 x Weapon Time of Fall (TOF) x wind velocity at release altitude (Vwind@Relalt) For example: The run-in heading for the target is 045 degrees. The winds at our 30 degree release altitude (3,000’) are 315/15. 1.7 x 6.7 x 15 = 170’ Applying the above formula we derive that the aim off distance is 170’. We move 170’ in the direction INTO the wind from the target and we find our OAP. As shown here. It is important to point out this OAP is the planned OAP. Release altitude wind will change over time and may not be the same as computed during your preflight preparation. Mentally update the OAP calculation in flight during the Mach Run by referencing the wind on your HSI. Following your first run, evaluate where the pipper was at release, note where the bomb hit, evaluate any errors and adjust the OAP to make the bomb go where you want it to go – that is to HIT THE TARGET! PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 4-5
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NAVAL AIR TRAINING COMMAND NAS CORP
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FLIGHT TRAINING INSTRUCTION T-45 WEAPONS/STRIKE - Cnatra

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