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The participants were further interviewed about their actual health problem (Table 3). Significantly more women were referred to the clinic. About one third of the patients were attending the clinic for the first time, and significantly more women than men had visited the actual clinic in the past. The majority had walked to the clinic, and this in most cases had taken less than one hour. Men were served significantly faster in the clinic than women, with 70% spending less than one hour in the clinic. It must be noted that the clinic cards did not indicate any health problem or any diagnosis for 26% of the men and 52% of the women. Table 4: Delay in days between appearance of actual symptoms and medical care-seeking, by gender. Complaints Male Female P Headache Fever Cough Diarrhea Injuries Stomach pain Throat pain STI Other Not indicated 8.7 6.0 6.0 3.0 6.0 16.8 7.5 4.9 9.5 10.4 8.6 5.7 9.5 8.3 3.4 28.3 3.0 13.7 11.8 13.7 0.04 0.05 Table 3: Health-seeking behavior in relation to actual episode of illness. Men Women n % n % P Referred Times been to this clinic, including today 54 22 90 29 0.04 1 74 31 90 29 2 55 23 49 16 0.05 3-10 79 33 108 35 >10 Last time been to this clinic: 30 13 73 24 0.001 < 1 week 19 18 22 13 1-4 weeks 10 10 27 16 > 4 weeks 76 72 119 71 Walked to clinic Time to reach clinic: 198 83 244 79 3 hours Time spent in clinic: 4 2 5 2 < 1 hour 170 70 189 61 1-2 hours 62 25 103 33 > 2 hours 12 5 19 6 The delay between appearance of symptoms and seeking medical care varied widely, from 3 days for an episode of diarrhea among men to 28 days for stomach pain among women (Table 4). Although women in general waited longer before seeking care, there was no significant difference in delay for most disease episodes, except for diarrhea and reports of STI. Of the 29 patients with recorded reports of STI, men had waited an average of 5 days before coming to the clinic, as compared with 14 days for women (P=0.05). The sexual behavior of the clients is shown in Table 5. The majority of the clients reported having a regular partner, but significantly more women also lived together with their partner. Significantly more women said their partner also had other sex partners, whereas significantly more men said their partner was faithful. Only 17% of men admitted extramarital affairs, which was significantly higher than among the women. Of the men who had affairs, 75% had engaged in sex with two or more partners in the last 6 months. HEALTHCARE-SEEKING BEHAVIOR AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN NAIROBI 51 0.04
Thirteen women had engaged in sex with more than one new partner in the last 6 months. Condom use with irregular partners was rather low, with no difference between men and women (38% and 29% respectively; P=0.7). Table 5: Sexual beliefs, behavior, and history associated with treatment of STDs in 555 patients attending primary health care clinics. Men Women n % n % mean or range mean or range P Boys become sexually active 14 7-28 14 7-25 Girls become sexually active 12 6-25 13 7-20 Ever had sex 231 95 277 89 0.02 Age at first sex 17 10-30 18 10-28 Have regular partner 198 86 230 83 Live with regular partner 85 43 171 74
Page 1 and 2: GHENT UNIVERSITY STI PREVENTION AND
Page 3 and 4: AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syn
Page 5 and 6: 1.1. Sexually Transmitted Infection
Page 7 and 8: countries, the rate of reporting co
Page 9 and 10: district of Uganda randomized villa
Page 11 and 12: By identifying where significant
Page 13 and 14: 4.5%, 3.9%, 67.7% and 30.1% while t
Page 15 and 16: female primary health care or anten
Page 17 and 18: The research data have been publish
Page 19 and 20: 2.1. OBJECTIVES 2.1.1. General obje
Page 21 and 22: 2.2.3. Laboratory procedures The mi
Page 23 and 24: C HAPTER 3 PREVALENCE AND RISK FACT
Page 25 and 26: After registration by the clinic cl
Page 27 and 28: The majority of the women were infe
Page 29 and 30: eing single, ever having been treat
Page 31 and 32: prevalence found in a family planni
Page 33 and 34: 3.2. Declining Syphilis Prevalence
Page 35 and 36: Training Nurses at the antenatal cl
Page 37 and 38: We believe that the observed declin
Page 39 and 40: Wasserheit 1992, Laga 1993). In Nai
Page 41 and 42: Table 1: Demographic data of 471 pa
Page 43 and 44: women. Overall, significantly fewer
Page 45 and 46: Stigmatization by health staff also
Page 47 and 48: 4.2. Health-Seeking Behavior and Se
Page 49 and 50: Between September and November 1998
Page 51: Table 2: Healthcare-seeking behavio
Page 55 and 56: Men reported more extramarital affa
Page 57 and 58: C HAPTER 5 DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT
Page 59 and 60: discharge and abdominal pain-two co
Page 61 and 62: Data were entered and analyzed in S
Page 63 and 64: One of the peripheral health center
Page 65 and 66: Evaluation of Algorithms The result
Page 67 and 68: In this study of symptomatic women,
Page 69 and 70: C HAPTER 6 PREVENTION OF SEXUALLY T
Page 71 and 72: Table 1: Syphilis Rapid Plasma Reag
Page 73 and 74: One should keep these problems in m
Page 75 and 76: The use of mailed reminders did not
Page 77 and 78: Table 1: Characteristics of women w
Page 79 and 80: studies, indicating that couples ar
Page 81 and 82: 6.3. A Randomized, Placebo-controll
Page 83 and 84: esistance patterns in bystander flo
Page 85 and 86: In univariate analysis, the odds ra
Page 87 and 88: Widows, divorcees and separated wom
Page 89 and 90: They did not report much condom use
Page 91 and 92: The low prevalence of the other STD
Page 93 and 94: There is some evidence that frequen
Page 95 and 96: Table 1. Characteristics of HIV- po
Page 97 and 98: A significantly higher prevalence o
Page 99 and 100: There is now considerable evidence
Page 101 and 102: patients. The analysis revealed hig
Page 103 and 104:
contributory factor may be that mal
Page 105 and 106:
use in Kenya. In a supplement of Se
Page 107 and 108:
with intensive behavioral change in
Page 109 and 110:
C HAPTER 8 FINAL REMARKS STIs illus
Page 111 and 112:
to protect themselves and be empowe
Page 113 and 114:
Bell G, Ward H, Day S et al. Partne
Page 115 and 116:
Fleming D and Wasserheit J. From ep
Page 117 and 118:
Jackson DJ, Rakwar JP, Chohan B et
Page 119 and 120:
Manning B, Moodley J, Ross SM. Syph
Page 121 and 122:
Oberlander L, Elverdam B. Malaria i
Page 123 and 124:
Serwadda D, Gray R, Wawer M et al.
Page 125 and 126:
Van Dam J, Anastasi MC. Male Circum
Page 127 and 128:
WHO Collaborating Center on HIV/AID
Page 129 and 130:
S UMMARY Sexually transmitted infec
Page 131 and 132:
notification. Innovative and locall
Page 133 and 134:
connaissance des femmes sur la sant
Page 135 and 136:
Nous avons démontré que le coût
Page 137 and 138:
vonden we een hoge prevalentie van
Page 139 and 140:
We hebben aangetoond dat de kost va
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