Rep o rt of th e tw en - Rotterdam Convention

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5.4 Glasshouse trials For glasshouse trials, test fruit should be grown in containers (e.g. pots) of a size that allows normal plant development, including fruit production. The plants should be grown under conditions that exclude the use of chemicals that may be deleterious to fruit flies. Cages dimensions should be slightly larger than the height and width of the trial plants. The frame of the cage should be covered by gauze fine enough to exclude Drosophila spp. and other fruit infesting insects. It should be constructed to ensure that flies introduced into the cage would not escape. Plants in containers are placed in the cage immediately before the trial commences and should be protected from ants. Fruit should be at the described stage of export harvest maturity. Five batches of approximately 500 g of whole fruit attached to parent plants should be used for each of three replicates. Each batch should be in separate cages. Whole fruit should be used, irrespective of the weight of individual fruit. The weight and number of fruit used per replicate should be recorded subsequent to exposure to gravid females and immediately after harvest. Depending on the weight of fruit produced per plant, it may be necessary to use multiple plants/cages to achieve the minimum of 500 g of fruit per replicate. Regardless of the number of cages and plants used to house 500 g of fruit, the number of flies/replicate should be evenly distributed amongst the cages. Gravid females for the trial should be obtained from the same cage of flies used for the fecundity test in section 5.2. A control replicate using approximately 500 g of a known host should be run concurrently with the 5 trial batches and under exactly the same glasshouse conditions. Control fruit should be punctured as per section 3.4 whilst under the same experimental conditions and exposed to the same number of gravid females as the trial fruit as determined in section 5.2. After exposure to gravid females for 48 hours, the fruit should be removed from the plant and each replicate weighed and the number of fruit recorded. The number of dead flies per cage should also be recorded. 5.5 Fruit holding Fruit should be held as described in section 3.5. 5.6 Assessment and interpretation If no adults emerge from the control fruit, the field or glasshouse trial using undamaged fruit should be repeated. If adults emerge from the control fruit and no adults emerge from any of the replicates of trial fruit, then the trial fruit at the described stage of export harvest maturity is regarded as a conditional non-host to the fruit fly species tested. If adults of the fruit fly species in the trial emerge from test fruit in any one replicate, then the fruit is considered a potential host for quarantine purposes. 79
PROGRESS IN INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC REGION (Agenda Item 8) 81 Annex IV The delegates of the 23 rd Session of the APPPC, while reviewing the past efforts, pointed out various challenges for the region: 1. Consumer education on IPM and IPM Produce 2. Premium on crops grown through IPM practices 3. Policy makers role in creating enabling environment for IPM through organizational and policy support 4. Demonstrating FFS-IPM approach as an instrument of Community development 5. Developing guidelines for applicability of FFS-IPM approach to all main cropping systems in the depressed ecologies in the region 6. Developing and mobilizing plural support mechanisms for post-FFS farmer groups 7. Further research on the role of GMOs in IPM. Regional and National Programmes of the APPPC member countries directed their efforts to realize objectives that meet these challenges. FAO-EU Programme for cotton in Asia and FAO Regional Vegetable Programme.played the key role in these efforts. FAO-EU IPM Programme for Cotton in Asia During its five-year implementation that ended in December 2004, the Programme promoted more ecological production methods in its member countries, where over 50% of the world’s cotton is grown. The member countries included Bangladesh, China, India, Pakistan, Philippines and Viet Nam. Implemented by FAO with a total budget of 12 million Euro and funded by EU, the programme was established with the purpose of responding to the needs of cotton producing countries to tackle rising production costs, increasing pollution of the environment due to excessive pesticide use, deteriorating health of farmers and increase in poverty. The Programme succeeded in showing that farmer education through the Farmer Field School (FFS) approach is crucial for encouraging more sustainable agricultural production. The FFS approach was an effective method of empowering and mobilizing farm families and of developing the enhanced management skills necessary for a sustainable pro-poor and environmentally-friendly agricultural and rural development. The experiences gained from this Programme may benefit many on-going and future endeavors to reduce poverty and conserve precious natural resources. Of its six member countries, the Programme most likely left a sustainable impact in India, Pakistan, and China. In India, it had a remarkable impact in the States of Karnataka and Maharashtra where FFSs were recognized as the model for government-farmer interaction, and state funds are allocated to continue and expand project activities. In Pakistan, although the country did not have previous
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RAP PUBLICATION 2005/25 Re p o r t
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T h e d e s ig n a tio n a n d p re
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Contents Foreword .................
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1.3 Opening remarks by Ms Wan Norma
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1.6.2 Election of the Drafting Comm
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the control groups. Over the same p
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In conclusion, Mr Piao extended his
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(PD) works with the support officer
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Information technology such as Glob
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in national and international offic
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3.9 Lao People’s Democratic Repub
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Pesticides were registered and regu
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The Philippines lagged behind devel
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Farmer’s pest management skills a
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farmers. A new programme “3 reduc
Page 31 and 32: 3.25 Impact assessment of IPM-FFS i
Page 33 and 34: pre-shipment and quarantine purpose
Page 35 and 36: Fiji : Mr Hiagi Munivai Foraete Jap
Page 37 and 38: 10.2.2 Recommendations of the meeti
Page 39 and 40: 10.3.3 Review of the progress in In
Page 41 and 42: 10.4.1.3 Assist in carrying out act
Page 43 and 44: Ms Wu Xiaoling Deputy Division Dire
Page 45 and 46: Lao PDR Mr Vilaysouk Khennavong Dir
Page 47 and 48: Philippines Ms Merle B. Palacpac Ch
Page 49 and 50: Dr Turnjit Sattayavirut Senior Ento
Page 51 and 52: Mr Sakda Srinives Senior Subject Ma
Page 53 and 54: Pacific Plant Protection Organizati
Page 55 and 56: Ms Rattana Juijunjea National Burea
Page 57 and 58: REGIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITAR
Page 59 and 60: Work Plan for the Sonora Fruit Fly
Page 61 and 62: surveillance An official process th
Page 63 and 64: • systems to allow certified frui
Page 65 and 66: Trap density Trap density is critic
Page 67 and 68: 3.2.2. Regulatory controls on the m
Page 69 and 70: If bilateral arrangements have been
Page 71 and 72: 2. Control measures in the identifi
Page 73 and 74: SCOPE INTRODUCTION This standard de
Page 75 and 76: species may be correctly identified
Page 77 and 78: • if the unpunctured fruit does b
Page 79 and 80: The determined number of gravid fem
Page 81: Trial methodology and procedures ar
Page 85 and 86: Agriculture has established standar
Page 87 and 88: Under TCP/THA/3003, FAO provided te
Page 89 and 90: 2.1 Regional training workshop for
Page 91 and 92: 2.5 National Consultation on the Ra
Page 93 and 94: 6. More information is needed on pe
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Rep o rt of th e tw en - Rotterdam Convention

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