Rep o rt of th e tw en - Rotterdam Convention

SPS Agreement, IPPC and International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs). During
the last two years, Malaysia has succeeded in spearheading bilateral meetings or discussions for
market access with several countries which were “not approachable” before because of stringent
phytosanitary requirements.
In Malaysia, the legal framework for the control and management of pesticides was already
in place. Legislation related to these controls were enforced and implemented by various government
agencies and were well coordinated.
Finally, Malaysia has been very active and supportive of International Cooperation Projects
and Programmes for Plant Protection beginning from 2003 until today. It has successfully hosted
a number of international/regional workshops and training sessions.
3.11 Myanmar
Myanmar has tried to keep abreast with other nations in the field of Plant Protection. To
meet the international standards, the Plant Protection Division has undertaken its responsibilities
with the cooperation of member countries of the regional organization, APPPC.
There were rodent outbreaks in the northern parts of Myanmar, but they were not of economic
importance. Biological control research, working as part of Integrated Pest Management programme,
was carried out for cotton, groundnut and vegetables.
FFS were established since the year 2000 for rice farmers. Expansion was planned for some
plant quarantine stations in this period, and electronic certification was launched at the end of the
year 2002 at the Yangon Head office and from 2004 at Tamu.
Pesticide Management works were progressing steadily, and consisted of a registration scheme,
licensing programme, controlling of Persistent Organic Pollutants, disposal of toxic wastes, and also
managing transboundary movement of illegal products.
3.12 Nepal
In Nepal, the Plant Protection Directorate (PPD) was designated as the NPPO and has
a national mandate to minimize by 35 percent crop losses due to insect and vertebrate pests through
the application of intensive technology and Integrated Pest Management. Presently, 139 officer
level facilitators, 535 farmer trainers, 1 000 FFS and 27 500 farmers have already been trained to
act as a catalyst in spreading the IPM message.
Some of the major pest outbreaks since 2000 were: Nilaparvata lugens, Spodoptera spp.,
Helicoverpa armigera, Hieroglyphus spp. and Pyricularia oryzea, in sugarcane, rice and maize.
The plant protection infrastructure has been upgraded with an additional Pesticide Registration
and Management Section, and the National Plant Quarantine Programme structure was upgraded
with eight new additional check posts in the north and south land border.
The new Plant Protection Bill (2005) is in the process of approval to be in consistent with
IPPC guidelines, Protocols and the WTO/SPS Agreement.
The National Plant Quarantine Programme (NPQP) has developed a national standard CTV/
CGD survey manual (ISPM No. 6), a pest database and preliminary database of 20 tradable crops,
a pest risk analysis of maize grain seed (ISPM No. 2), initial work on pest free areas (ISPM
No. 4), and conducted training for plant health inspectors (RSPM No. 2).
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