IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

3aJlaBanC51 peAKO, TaK KaK npennOnaranOCb, LITO KOnHLICCTBO
BbIIIHTOTO COBCpIIICHHO He BnHAeT Ha TO, SIBnSIeTCSI JIH LIenOSeK
anxoronxxoM (Room 1968; 1983b).
Oco6oe BHHMaHHe K KpHBbIM pHcxa noTpe6neHHA anxoronA H
XpoHHLleCKOii 3a6onesaeMoCTH, CMepTHOCTH H AOpoxcxbIx asapHli
OTpa)KaeT Ba)KHOCTb H3MepeHHSI B3aHMOCB5I3eii "Jj03a - peaKLjHSI". 3-ro
JJenaeTCA COOTBeTCTBeHHO JjByM HCCneJjOBaTenbCKHM napaJZHTMâM B
3THX JjByX pa3nenaX nHTepaTypbI, a HMeHHO MeJZHL(HHCKOIi 3nH,e-
MHOJIOrHH H nOBeJieHLieCKOIi (iapMaKOnOrHH. B 3nHJjeMHOnoTHLIeCKHX
J;HCKyCCHSIX O KpHTepHAX yCTaHOBneHHSI npHLIHHHOIi
CB5I3H, JJeIiCTBHTenbHO, HanHLIHe naHHbIX O B3aHMOCB513H " Jlo3a -
peaKLjHSI" ASnACTCA Bâ)KHbIM KpHTepHeM (Hill 1971).
Cama n0 ce6e cDOpMa nByXMepHOIi KpHBOi%I pHCKa B3aHMOCBSI3H
Me)K,Lty nOTpe6neHHeM ânKOTOnA H npeJ[nonaraeMblM nOCneJjCTBHeM
ABnAeTCSI, KOHeLIHO, TOnbKO Cna6bIM H LIaCTHLIHbIM OTpa)KeHHeM
npHLIHHHOIi B3aHMOCB513H. PaCCMaTpHBaA npHLIHHHOCTb, HeO6XOJIHMO
06CyAHTb H gpyrne BOnpOCbI, K KOTOpbIM CTOHT KpaTKO BepHyTbCA
(paver' 3.3, cM.HHxce). TeM speMexeM HaJZO 3aMeTHTb, LITO
JiByxMepHaA KpHBaA pHcxa 6e3 yLleTa ApyrHx nepeMexxblX ABnSIeTCA
saXCHOii 111151 nnaHHposaHHA o6LueCTBexxoro 3J(pasooxpaxeHHA.
1-loJ[rpynna HaceneHHA nosblLllexxoro pHcxa Mo)KeT 6bITb BbIABnexa,
HanpHMep, J1,JIA 06pa3oBaTenbHOli pa6OTbI, BHe 3aBHCHMOCTH OT
npHLIHHHOii CB513H. TaKHM o6pa3oM, MO)KeT 6bITb BbIASnCHa rpynna
CHnbHO nbIOLLjHX n10J1eli npenZynpe)KJjeHHA pHCKa BO3HHKHOBCHH51
aJIKOrOnbHOii 3aBHCHMOCTH. 3TOMy He nOMeLLIaeT naxce TO, LiTO
3aBHCHMOCTb MO)KHO paCCMaTpHBaTb KaK LIaCTHLIHO 06yCJIOBneHHyIO
rCHCTH9eCKHMH IDaKTOpaMH Hull cflaKTOpaMH pa3BHTHA. gByXMCpHaA
KpHSaA pHCKa nOMO)KeT TaK)ICe na-rb COBeTbI rpynnaM HaceneHHA C
B6ICOKHM HnH HH3KHM pHCKOM BO3HHKHOBeHH51 ânKOTOnbHbIX
npo6neM 6e3 nHCIcDepeHgHauHH no neMorpacDHLIeCKOMy npH3HaKy
HnH no ,gpyrHM noJZrpylInaM HaceneHHA (mac-ro 3a HCKnIOLIeHHeM nana).
3.3 f1PO6J1EMbI IICTOJIKOBAHIVIA KPVIBbIX PIeICKA
f1OTPE6J1EHVIA AJIKOROJ1A
HanHLIHe nOCTOAHHOIi AByXMepHOli B3aHMOCB5I3H B 60nbILIOM
xOnHLIeCTBe HCCneJ[oBaxHH, oco6exxo npH HCn0nb30saHHH
pa3HOO6pa3HbIX MeTOJIHK, nOJjHHMaeT BOnpOC, MO)KHO nH H3MCpHTb
61