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IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

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KaK yxce ynOMHHâJIOCb, nOCneBOeHHoe nOSbIIIIeHHe ypOBHA<br />

noTpe6neHHA anKOTOJIA B HHJjyCTpHanbHblX CTpaHâX COnpOBO)iUjanOCb<br />

Me)KHauHOHanbHbIM C6nH)KeHHeM o6IIjHX ypOBHei%I nOTpe6neHHSI.<br />

3TOT npouecc npoJjonxcanCA B CeMHJjeCATbIX H BOCbMHJ(eCATbIX<br />

roJjax. CTpaHbl, nepexcHSaBIIIHe sOCTaTOTiHO 3aMeTHOe CHH)ICeHHe<br />

nOTpe6neHHA, HaTlanH C OTHOCHTenbHO BbICOKOTO ypOBHA<br />

noTpe6neHHA, B TO BpeMA KaK CTpaHbl, nOKa3blsaiOIIjHe CâMblli<br />

60nbnl0ii nOJjbeM, npHHaJjne)KâJIH K rpynne CTpaH C HH3KHM ypOBHeM<br />

nOTpe6neHHA B ceMHJjeCATbIX rOJ(aX. Me)KHauHOHanbHble pa3nHTmA,<br />

TaKHM 06pa30M, npOJ(On)KanH yMeHbIIIaTbCA. CaMble nOCneJ(HHe<br />

H3MeHeHHA B nOnynSipHOCTH HanHTKOB 11OKa3aHbI Ha HJIJIIOCTpauHH 2.1.<br />

Ha 3TOii J(HarpaMMe CTpaHbl, rJje sons rima COCTaBnAeT 6onee<br />

50%, paCIIOJIO)KeHbI B BepXHeM yrny TpeyronbHHKa. CTpaHbI, B<br />

KOTOpbIX npeo6naJjaloT BHHO H xpenxHe CIIHpTHble HanHTKH,<br />

paCI7OJIO)KeHbI COOTBeTCTBeHHO B HH)xHHX neBOM H npaBOM yrnaX. B<br />

cepeJjHHe HaXOJjHTCA 30Ha, rJje HH OJ(HH H3 HanHTKOB He HMeeT J(onH<br />

6onee 50 %. Ha TOTIKy OTCTieTa (1970) B Ka)x,qOM CnyTiae yKa3bIBâJIa<br />

nereHJja, onpeJjenAioluaA cTpaHy, nHHHA yxa3blsaeT HanpasneHHe B<br />

CeMHJjeCATble - J(eBAHOCTble rO)jbl. HJInIOCTpauHA nOKa3bIBaeT, TITO B<br />

TeTieHHe J(Byx nOCneJ(HHx JjeCATHneTHH npoJ(onxcanCA npouecc<br />

BO3paCTaHHA OJjHOpOJ(HOCTH. 3a HeCKOnbKHMH HCKJIIOTIeHHAMH,<br />

nHHHH, H306pa)xa101uHe 143MeHeHH51, JjBHraIOTCA OT yrnOS, rjje OJjHH<br />

THn HanHTKa npeo6naJjaeT HaJj JjpyrHMH. O6IIjee HanpasneHHe<br />

J(BH)KeHHii, TeM He McHee, HanpaBneHO He K ueHTpy JjHarpaMMbl (rJ(e<br />

OJIH BCex TpeX rpynn HanHTKOB 6bInH 6b1 paBHbIMH), a<br />

11pH6nH3HTenbH0, K TOTiKe, COOTBeTCTByiOII(ei%I TaKOMy COOTHOIIICHHiO<br />

HanHTKOS: 50% - nHsO, 35% - BHHO, 15% - KpenxHe CnHpTHble HaIIHTKIi.<br />

B TeTIeHHe HeJjaBHerO nepHOJja 6onee CTa6HJIbHOTO noTpe6neHHA<br />

3aMenjeHHe 6bIJI0 6onee 06bPiHbIM, TIeM JjO1I0JIHeHIie. B CTpaHax, rJje<br />

npeo6naJjaeT sHHOnHTHe, H3MexeHHA Mo)KHO xapaKTepH3osaTb Kax<br />

BbPIHTaHHe, Talc xax cHH)xeHHe n0Tpe6neHHA sxxa TOnbxo TIaCTHTIHo<br />

KOMneHCHpOSaTIOCb nOBbI1IIeHHeM nOTpe6neHHSI nHSa H KpenKHX<br />

CnHpTHbIX HanHTKOB.<br />

49

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