IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

HCXOAOM, anKOrOnb 6bIn BOBne4ëH B 7,1%-11,5% CnyLlaeB, HO TOnbKO
B 6,2%-8,7% cnyLIaeB Cepbë3HbIX TpaBM H B 3,7%-5,6% cny4aeB
MeHee cepbe3HblX HHAHBHAyanbHblX TpaBM (Swedish Council for
Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs 1991). B pa3BHBaloluHxcA
cTpaHaX HHCl)OpMaLjHH no AaHH6IM BOnpOcaM nOKa ManO.
C0061uaeTCA, TITO B LIHn1i anKOPOnb BOBne4ëH B 50% AOpO)KHbIX
asapHil (de la Jara 1991). B pa6oTe 113 flanya (HosaA I'BnHesl)
o6HapyxceHo, 4To nonoBHHa o6cneAosaxxoro KOnH4ecTBa wocpepos,
norH6LUiix B AOpO)KHbIX asapHSlx, HMena coAepxcaHHe anxoron51 B
KpoBH (CAK) 6onee 80 Mr/% (Sinha et al. 1981). 3TH awropbl Ta10Ke
coo6LuaioT, tao 90% norH6mHx neluexoAos HMenH CAK 6onee 80 Mr/%
H 55% yposeHb 6onee 150 Mr/%.
1.4.8 BnasIH17e anKoronsl Ha cosepweHHe caMoy6HNcTB
H y641i1CTB
Pe3y1IbTaT6I HCCneAOBâHHN no 3THM BOnpOCaM Hy)KAafOTCA
OnATb xce B OCTOpO>KHOM HCTOJIKOBaHHH, H CJIOBO "BOBne4eHHe"
CKpbIBaeT nOA C060i%I peanbHble TpyAHOCTH npH4HHHOFi
HHTepnpeTauHH. HeAaBH13e HCCneAOBaHHA n0 anKoroni0 H y6H11CTBâM
(Pernanen 1991) nOKa3anH 3Ha4HTenbHble KOne6aHFiA B 3aBHCHMOCTH
OT Kpyra 06CneAyeMbIX, CTpaHbl H BpeMeHH. KaHaACKylO OL[eHKy
(CCSA/ARF 1993) - 30% caMoy6nFICT6 H 60% y6Hï-ICTB cosepina-
IOTCA nOA BnHAHHeM anKOTOJIA - cneAyeT paCueHHBaTb KaK
npN6nH3NTenbHylO, HO AOCTaTO4HO 060CHOBaHHyIO B COOTBeTCTBHH C
ApyrHMH pe3ynbTaTaMH HCcneAOBaHHH. gaHHble no LIHnH
npeAnonaraiOT BO3AeÎ.1cTBHe BbInHBKH B 38,6% cnyLlae6 CaMOy6HFicTB
H 48,6% cny4aeB y6H1iCTB (de la Jara 1991). B CCCP 6onee 60%
y6HiiCTB HJIH pa36oNHbIX HanaAeHHI%I, 3aKOH4HBLLIHXCA TA)ICenbIMH
TeneCHbIMH nOBpe)iCAeHHAMH, 6b1nH cOBepLIIeHb1 nIOAbMH B
COCTOAHHH OnbAHeHHA (KOIÜKHHa H Ap. 1994).
1.4.9 CBS13aHHble c anKoronenn coLvanbHble aaTpaTbi
B nio6ori cTpai-ie noAc4eT Bcex o6yCJIOBJlexxblx anxoroneM
3aTpaT, KyAa BKn1O4aIOTC51 TaKHe ceKTopa KaK 3ApaBOOxpaHeHHe,
couHanbxoe o6ecne4eHHe, noTepH Ha npoH3BOAcTBe, 3aTpaTbl,
CB5I3aHHble C AopO]KHo-TpaHCnOpTH6iM npOHCLneCTBHAMH, 3aTpaTbI no
C06n10AeHHiO 3aKOHOB H HCHOJIHeHHiO HaKa3aHHii npeACTaBnAIOT
TpyAHyio npo6neMy, H K ny6nHKyeMbiM LjH(ivaM Hy)KHO OTHOCHTbCA C
60nb11.10N CTeneHblO OCTOpO)KHOCTH. 3aTpaTbl no 3aHATOCTH Kâ)ICyTCA
0006eHH0 COMHHTenbHblMH. O11eHKH 6bInH npeAJIO)ICeHbI TaKHMH
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