IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

nORy4141I14 35% MyxC4HH H 9.6% xceHLgHH (Association National de
Prevention de I'Alcoholisme 1992). Coo6uAaeTcA, 4TO B I'epMaHHH
20% CTa1jHOHapHbIX 6OnbHbIX KnHHHK O6LuerO 11p04/14nA MBnMIOTCM
3aBHCHMbIMH OT anKOTOnB (John et al. 1994). B CHIA o6HapyxceHO,
tiro 25% CTaIjHOHapHbIX 60nbHbIX HMeIOT np06neMbI, CBA3aHHble C
anxoroneM (US Secretary of Health and Human Services 1990), s
ABCTpanHH cooTBeTCTSyIOUtaM uNctIpa nomHHMaeTCM AO 30% (Bell et
al. 1988; Williams et al. 1978; Ryder et al. 1988). B AoxnaAe o
cooTBeTCTByIOUiHX Hcene,t(osaHHMx B HHjÿepnaHZ[ax (Zitman 1984)
3aKnIOtIaeT, iITO cpe,gHMM pacnpocTpanexxocTb "3noynoTpe6neHHM
anxoroneM" cpeAH nocTynaiOLuHx B 6oJIbH14I46I o6ulero npocpHnM
nauHCHTOS COCTaBnMeT 20% ARA MyxC4HH H 6% ARA xceHLuHH.
O6cneAOBaHHe, npOBeAeHHoe cpeAH naltHeHTOB KJIHHHKH o6Luero
npocpHJIM B Kyana-JlyMnyp, ManaIi3HA, nOKa3anO, LITO no KpHTepHAM
DSM-III-R 9,7% nauHeHTOB "3noynoTpe6nAloT anxoroneM" HRH
"3aBHCHMbI OT aJIKOrOJIA" (Saroja and Kyaw 1993). Pe3ynbTaTbl AaHHoro
HCcneAOBaHHA 11OKa3bIBaIOT KOne6aHHA B pacnpoCTpaHeHHOCTH
anKOI'OnbHbIX np06neM, KOTOpble MOxcHO 06HapyxCHTb B nOArpynnaX
MHOf OHamOHâJIbHOCO o6u[ecTBa: n0 KpHTepHAM DSM-III-R 6bIn14
npOAHarHOCTHpOBaHbI nOROxCHTenbHO 22% nauHeHTOS HHAHHueB,
9% KHTai%u(es 14 6% ManaHL(es (MycynbMaHe). B i-IHRH, cTpaHe, rAe
pacnpoCTpaHeHo BHHOnHTHe H BbICOK ypOBeHb uHpp03a (CM. Ta6nHuy
1.2), y 4,5% nauHeHTOB, BbInHCaHHbIX H3 O611114X KJIHHHK, anKOTOnbHaM
np06neMa ABRAeTCA rnaBHOÎd, B TO BpeMM KaK y 38% nauHeHToB
AHarH03 CBA3aH C nOTpe6ReHHeM anKOrOnA (de la Jara 1991).
1.4.6 BJ1mAHNe aJ1KOrOJlf1 Ha BO3HNKHOBeHNe
HeC4aCTHbIX CJ1riaeB, He BKJ1104a51 ,GOpO)KHble aBapNN
I'IMeIOLuHeCA B HanH4HH AaHHble 143 pAAa CTpaH n0Ka3bIBaIOT,
4T0 pä3nH4HOrO pOAa HeC4aCTHble Cny4aH MOryT B CyMMe COCTaBHTb
3Ha4HTenbHy1O A0n1O CBM3aHHOi7 C aJIKOrOneM 3a6onesaeMOCTH H
cMepTHOCTH. HeAaBHHN KaHaACKHIi Aotu[aA (CCSA/ARF 1993)
npeAnonaraeT, 4TO anKOrOnb, BepoMTHO, BOBne4ëH B 40% CMepTeH OT
BHe3a11HbIX na,geHHFi, 30% cMepTeH OT noxcapoB H 30% cMepTeH
yTOHyBLLIHX. O6uiHe CyMMapHble AaHHble aMepHKaHCKHX HCTO4HHKOB
Amu cReAyloLuHe undopbl: 28% cMepTeH OT naAeHHH, 47% CMepTeH OT
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