IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

pacnpOCTpaHeHHOCTH aJIKOrOnbHON 3aBHCHMOCTH cpeAH My)K4HH
AaHHOro HâceneHHA: KOrAa COOTBeTCTBeHHO 1% H 2% )ICeHLuHH
OTBe'-Ia1OT Ha 3TH we ABa BonpOCa yTBepAHTenbHO, pa3HHua cpeAH
nOJIOB CTaHOBHTCA 04eBHAHOii. 3TOT onpoc TaK)ICe nOKa3an, 4TO 32%
My)K4HH H 6% )iCeHII[HH (o6LuaA uHCppa 18,9%) CTanKHBâJIHCb C
np06neMaMH 3noynoTpe6neHHA HnH 3aBHCHMOCTH B Te4eHHe )K13H14.
gamme OnpoCOS no,qo6HOro poAa, BHe 3aBHCHMOCTH OT CTpaHbI,
HMex)T yCT04I1INBy10 TOHAeHuHIO yKa3b1BaTb Ha CneKTp, pa3HOO6pa3He
H pacnpoCTpaHeHHOCTb anKOrOnbHbIX np06neM cpeAH HaCeneHHA.
1.4.3 CnnepTHOCTb B pe3ynbTaTe noTpe6neHNSi anKoronA
KonlelecTBO cMepTeii B pe3ynbTaTe "anxoronH3Ma" HnH
"anKoronbHOro nCHXO3a", HnH B pe3ynbTaTe TaKHX LIacTO CBA3aHHbIX
C anKOrOneM naTOJIorNFi KaK uHppo3, B CyMMe, BepOATHO, OTpa)ICaeT
TOnbKO tiaCTb peanbHOTO KonHLIeCTBa cny4aeB, 'coma anKOronb
ABnAOTCA COCTâBJIAIOLueii npH4HHbI CMepTH. Bo MHOFHX Cny4aAX
CMepTH OT eCTeCTBeHHbIX npH4HH, BKJIK)LIaA, HanpHMep, naHKpeaTHT,
HHCynbT H pax pa3nH4HbIX opraHoB, anKOrOnb MO)KeT ABnATbCSI
Bâ)ICHbIM LliaKTOpOM, KOTOpbIN BHëC CBOii BKnaA; 4aCTO OH TaK)ICe
MO)KeT HMeTb OTHOLneHHe K CMepTH, HaCTynHBLQeIï B pe3ynbTaTe
asapHH, CâMOy6HiiCTSa HnH HacHnHA. l'1nnIOCTpanHA 1.1 BOCnpOH3Be-
Aexa H3 HeAasxeii ny6nHxaIiHH npaBHTenbCTSa (1)paHUHH (Ministère
des Affaires Sociales et de la Solidarité 1993), ocxoBaxxoii Ha
AaHHbIX, n0ny4eHHbIX H3 INSERM (1993), H XOTA MbI AOn)ICHbI 6bITb
OCTOpO)KH6IMH, KaK HHKOrAa C npeAnOJ10)KCHHAMH O npHiNHHON
CBA3H, KOTOpaA CKp6ITa nOA uHLlipaMH 3TOii OCIHuHanbHON CTaTHCTHKH,
3Ta CXeMa nOKa3bIBaeT, KaK CrpynnHpoBâHHâA no pâ3nH4HbIM
CBA3aHHbIM C ânKOrOneM npN4HHaM CMepTHOCTb BHOCHT CBOii BKnaA B
o6LueHauHOHanbHble L(NCppbI cMepTHOCTH.
1.4.4 AnKOronbHbie npo6nennbi cpe,gN nagNeHTOB
ncNXNaTpN4ecKNX KnNHNK
B Halipo6H, KeHHA, 21% nOBTOpHbIX nonaAaHHli B
nCHXNaTpH4eCKyIO KnHHHKy 6bInH AHarHOCTHpoBaH6I KaK
anKOronbHblFi nCHX03 (Badia 1985), B TO BpeMA KaK B I'epMaHHH
npOueHTHâA AonA noA06HbIX nauHeHTOB, CTpaAalonjHX OT
anKOrOnbHOii 3aBHCHMOCTH, 6bina onpeAeneHa B 30% (Feuerelin
1989). B LLIBeuHH B 1983 F. (nocneAHHii roA, no KOTOpOMy eCTb
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