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nOCne,ayEOLLIHM pHCKOM BO3HHKHOBeHHSI COOTBeTCTByEOLLiHX npO6neM
(Vaillant 1983).
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anKOTOnSI, BeCbMa MHOT04HCneHHbI. CIO,L1a BXO,T15IT HeyZ[a4H Ha pa6oTe,
nporynbl, yBOnbHeHHe, 6e3pa6oTHga H HCC4aCTHble Cny4aH Ha
pa6o4eM MecTe (Pratt and Tucker 1989; Stallones and Kraus 1993).
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KpaHHeM cny4ae, K HHLneTe (Baumhol 1987; National Institute on
Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 1989). B3aHMOCB5I3b Mexcay
anxoroneM H npecTynneHHSiMH o4exb CRO)KHa, H Bonpoc
npH4HHHOCTH J);On)KeH 3,E1eCb paCCMaTpHBaTbCSI C 00060I%I
OCT0p0)KHOCTb10, HO anKOronb, npslMO HJIH KOCBeHHO, BOBRe4ëH B
pâ3nH4Hble THnbI npaBOHapyLLIeHHE4, BKnEOLIaSI HaCHnbCTBeHHble
npecTynneHHSI (Pemanen 1991) H, KOHe4H0, BoxcaeHHe aBToMo6Hnsl B
HeTpe3BOM COCTOSIHHH (CM. rnaBy 7).
IIp06neMbl, KOTOpble 1-1bIOLLal1i 4enOBeK CO3,4aeT Ansl ApyrHx
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B nnaHe nCHXH4eCKOl%I HJIH (pH3Hi-IeCKO'n TpaBMbl (Martin 1992), a
TaKNCe OCJIO)KHSIeT MX 06pa30BaTenbHyie, COIjHânbHyiO H CpHHaHCOByiO
AeATenbHOCTb (Sher 1991). 3JJecb TaK)Ke 4aCTO MO)KeT npHCyTCTBOBaTb
3neMeHT npH4HHeHHSI HeyJj06CTB, Bpega HnH 3aTpaT J>nx BCeX 4neHOB
06LLlecTBa - HanpHMep, )KepTBbi nbSIHbIX BO,gHTeneN HRH HaCHnbCT-
BeHHbIX npeCTynneHHN HIM TOBapHIu no pa6oTe, CTaBLLIHN
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anKOTOnSI. PI, B 3aKnE04eHHe, B J>,aHHOM pa3,gene "npo6neMbl Jxns[
OKpy)KaIO1.ImX" Hy)KHO OTMeTHTb TOT OrpOMHbIEi naCCHB wI51
06n(eCTBa, KOTOpbIIi HaKannHBaeTCA B pe3ynbTaTe CyMMHpOBaHHSI
BceX 3aTpaT: Ha COIjHanbHyEO 3an1HTy, Cny)K6bI 3JIpaBOOXpaHeHHSI,
cTpaXOBaHHe, CHCTeMbI Ha6nEOJ);eHHSE 3a Co6nEOJjeHHeM 3aKOHa H
HCHORHeHHSI HaKa3aHHN, KOTOpble CB5I3aHbI C nbSIHCTBOM, a TaK)Ke
3aTpaTbi, KOTOpble SIBRSIEOTCSI pe3ynbTaTOM CHH)KeHH31 npOH3BOJ);H-
TenbHOCTH TpyAa (Rice 1993). rIo3xce B 3TOï-1 rnase 3TOT Bonpoc
nOJ);HHMaeTCSI BHOBb.
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BCë Ha 60nee aeTanbHOM ypOBHe, HO TaK)Ke HennOXO OTCTynHTb H
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