IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

7.5 OfPAHV14EHV1A no MECTY f10TPE6J1EHVIA
AJ1K0r011A
11onNTNKa 3anpelljeHNSi noTpe6nSIT6 CniipTHOe B onpeAenexxblx
MecTâX npMMeHAeTC51 B pa3nMt1HbIX liaCTAX MMpa. B CeBepHOH
AMepHKe 3T0 O6bI1IHO 11pOBOANJ1OCb B paMKaX 3aKOHOB npOTHB
ny6nNiiHOrO nbAHCTBa (NHOPAa, LITO6bI npeAOTBpaTNTb OnbAHeHMe Ha
n1oAAx). He TaK j[aBHO, KaK LIaCTb nOnMTMKM 061ueCTBeHHOM
6e3onacHocTN, 6bIJIO BBeAeHO 3anpeL[jeHNe 11oTpe6n51Tb anxoronb B
napxax, MecTax OTu61Xa, TaxiiX KaK nnSDK, Ha pa6o9Nx MecTax HJIH B
aBTOM06NnSIX.
O6CyxcAeHMe OrpaHNLIeHHIi noTpe6neHHA CnHpTHOCO B
06HtecTBeHHbIX McCTaX B KaHaAe 6bIna nposeuexo Giesbrecht M
Douglas (1990), Murray H Douglas (1988), rue 3TH Mepbl
paCCMaTpHBaIOTcSI, KaK CpeRCTBO COKpaTNTb KOHIIInMKT6I H HaCNnNe B
061I1eCTBeHHbIX napKaX H CHH3HTb yXyAHIeHNe HaBbIKOB ynpaBneHNA
y BoJZNTeneN, Bble3)KaK)Ii1NX 143 napKa, rAe BO3MMiCHbI BbIHNBKM.
OUeHKa TaKON MyHHI.jNnanbHON 11OJ114TNKN B 3anaAHOM OHTapMO
6bina nposeuena Gliksman et al. (1990). B noABeprHyroM
3KCnepNMeHTy paHoHe cywecTBOBana noBblHlexnoe o6n.tecTBeHHOe
noHNMaHNe 3THX orpaHNileHNH H noablLneHHOe )KenaHMe
nOA11NHATbCA HM 6e3 KaKMX-11H60 N3MeHeHHH KOHTpOJ151. 3TH AâHHble
rlpeJjCTaBNnN nepBOHaiIanbHble AOKa3aTenbCTSa, 7iTO 1110AM He
06513aTenbH0 npOTNBOCTOAT MeCTHOH nOJINTHKe OrpaHNLIeHMA
nOTpe6neHMA anKOrOnSI B MCCTaX 061I.AeCTBeHHOrO OTAbIXa. RO CMX
nop He CyIIteCTByeT KOHTpOnbHOH OIjeHKM 343(tieKTOB 3T01'O pO.Ija
OrpaHMHeHNH Ha CB513aHHble C anKOrOneM CO6bITN5I B 061HeCTBeHHbIX
McCTaX NnM BJINAHNA Ha nocneuylolltNe CnyLIaM BO)KAeHNA B
HeTpe3BOM COCTOAHMN.
CTauNOHbI BcerO MNpa ABJIA1OTCA McCTOM HINpOKOMâcHITa6HOH
CNOpTNBHOH AeATenbHOCTN n1oAeH. K TOMy )Ice, OHM ABnAIOTCA BCë
6011ee Bâ)ICHbIM NCTOiiHHKOM AOXOAa, BKnK)LIaA npM66lnb OT npOAa)ICM
anKOrOJIA. rOpAOCTb 3a KOMaHuy, KOrAa oHa COBMeH(aeTCA C
nOTpe6neHMeM anKOrOJIA, MONCeT BpeMeHaMN BbInNTbCA B 6yHHOe,
Bpaxcue6Hoe I11114 HaCNnbCTBeHHOe noBeueHMe. B CTpaHaX, rixe
06H(enpNHATbIM CpeACTBOM e3A6I AO cTauNOHa SIBJISIeTCA nM4HbIH
aBTOM061,111b, BO)Ic.ZjeHMe B HeTpe3BOM moue MO)KeT 6bITb u06aBneHO K
BO3M0)KHbIM HenpNATHbIM nOCneuCTBMAM C4MTaiOn(erOCA npNATHbIM
OTubIXa. B pe3ynbTaTe BO MHOI'NX CNOpTMBHbIX COOpy)KCHMAX
3anpelueHO nOTpe6neHMe H npouaxca anxoronA, HAN npouaxca
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