IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

3. I1nOTHOCTb TogeK npOAawH anKOrOJIA. PaHHHe HCCnejtOBaHHA
LIJIOTHOCTH nOKa3anH, 'ITO 3TOT (kaKTOp HMeeT nHLHb He60nbIIIOn (HnH
npoTHBopeLIHBbIii) 3(1)43eKT Ha nOTpe6neHHe anKOrOnA. TeM He McHee,
6onee HejtasHHe HCCnetOBaHHA nOKa3anH, 'ITO reorpa(pHT-IecxaA
nnOTHOCTb BCe xce 06naj[aeT 3HaiIHTen6HbIM n03HTHBHbIM 3(1)(beKTOM
Ha npOjta)ICy anKOrOnA.
4. MHHHManbHbIli BO3paCTHOIi npejten noTpe6neHHA anxoronA.
006bir-IHO HCCne,itOBaHHA o6HappICHBaIOT, iiTO cHHDKeHHe
BO3paCTHOTO npejtena npHBOjtHT K yBenHLIeHHIO KOnHHeCTBa
aBTOKaTacTpO(icl, BO3HHKIIIHX 143-3a noTpe6neHHA anKOTOnA, B TOIi
B03paCTHON rpynne, KOTOpaA nO,Ctna,ItaeT n0jt BnHAHHe H3MeHeHHIi. B
TO )Ke BpeMA nOBbILLIeHHe BO3paCTHOTO npejtena yMexbLl.laeT
KOnH'ieCTBO nO,406H6IX aBapHli.
5. OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb c(kepbl 06C1Iy)KHBaHH51. TaKOe BOVIeICTBHe, KaK
nOKa3ana npaKTHKa, cOKpantaeT ypOBeHb anKOron6HOrO O11651HeHHA
KnHeHTOB, nOKH,AaIOLL[HX 6apbl H pecTopaHbl, H i-IHCJIO CB53aHH6IX C
anKOTOneM aBTOKaTaCTp0c1).
6. OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb nepcOHana. CyLLteCTByiOHtaA B HeKOTOpbIX
CTpaHaX rpa)KjjaHCKaA OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb y'-Ipe]iCjteHHli p03HHLIHOH
TOprOBnH anKOrOneM, 6bina B OCHOBHOM OTBeTHOIi, 'ITO 03Ha4ano
He06X0jtHMOCTb BO3MeLueHH51 yuuep6a, ecnH o6cnyxcHBaHHe
HeTpe3BOTO LIenOBeKa B pe3ynbTaTe npHBOjtHJIO K nHLiHOIl nOTepe Will
TpaBMe. TeM He McHee, HejtaBHO npejtJIO)KHnH HCnonb30BaTb, KaK
npeBCHTHBHyIO nOnHTHKy, 'ITO6bI nOOLIjpATb (H B03HarpaACjtaTb)
6onee 6e3onacHylo npaKTHKy 06CnyACHBaHH5I CnHpTH6IM. B OjtHOM
HCCnejtOBaHHH 6bIno o6HapyACeHo cHH)ICeHHe ypoBHA aBapHli nocne
yCHneHHA OTBeTCTBeHHOCTH.
7. i-laCbl H jtHH npojta)KH. BOJIbLIIHHCTBO HCCnetOBaHHI3 H3MeHeHHA
'IaCOB npOJaa)KH H jtHeH pa6oTbl TOYeK npojta)KH ânKOronA nOKa3anH,
'-ITO pOCT noTpe6neHHA anKOTOJIA CBA3aH C yBenH'-IeHHeM LIaCOB
npojta)KH, a COKpaLLteHHe nOTpe6neHHA - C OTMeHON jtHeIi ToproBnH.
COOTBeTCTByIOLLjHM o6pa3oM McHAiOTCA H anKOrOnbHble npo6neM6I.
OTCTaBHB B CTOpOHy BCe 3TH ,aeTanH, KaKOe o6Luee 3aKnK)'IeHHe
MO)KHO CjtenaTb? BbIBOjtbI HCCnetOBaHHIi n0 B3aHMOCBA3H Me)ICjty
jtOCTynHOCTbIO anKOTOnA H ypOBHeM ânKOTOnbHbIX npo6neM,
KOTOpble nojtTBep)IC,aaK)TCA He TOnbKO ,aJIA OjtHOii CTpaHbl,
onpejteneHHO nojt,aep)KHBaK)T 3aKniOmeHHe, 'ITO TâKHe BbIBO,abI He
ABnAIOTCA XapaKTepH6IMFi TOnbKO ASIA OjtHOli KynbTypbl - OHH HMeIOT
203