IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

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ypOBeHb ânKOTOnbHbIX npO6neM.
Olsson H Wikstrom (1982) Hccne,goBanH 3cpcDeKT
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apecToB 3a nbAHCTBO Ha 10%, a TaIUKe yMexbAIexi3e KonMiIecTBa
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o6wero noTpe6neHHA anxoronA. Ouexxa nOCTOAHHOT0 3aKpbITMA
nHKepO-BOAOTiHbIX Marâ3HHOB no cy66oTaM B 111BeuMM nOKa3bIBaeT
CXOAHOe COKpaLueHHe HeraTMBHbIX nOCneACTBHiï (Olsson and
Wilkstrom 1984). Nordlund (1985) npoaxanM3Mposan 34)(1;leKT
3KCnepHMeHTanbHOTO 3aKpbITMA B HopBerHH rocyAapcTBexxbiX
Marâ3HHOS no cy66oTaM B TeTieHMe rOAa. BbIBOA rnacMn, TITO
3aKpbITHe Marâ3MHOB n0 Cy66OTaM OKâ3bIBaeT He6OnbnIOi3 3I1)ItteKT Ha
o6uzee noTpe6neHMe, H nOTpe6MTenM npHCIIOCO6MnMCb K 3aKpbITHK),
nOKynaA BHHO H KpenKHe HanHTKM B ApyrHe AHM MnM nOKynaA nMBO.
TeM He McHee, 3T0 noBnHAJI0 Ha ypOBeHb OCTpbIX aJIKOTOnbHbIX
np06neM. 3KCnepMMeHTâJIbHOe 3aKpbITHe no cy66oTaM 10 CneuManH-
3MpOSaHHbIX Marâ3HHOB B OHHJIAHAMH, KOTOpOe AnMJIOCb 8 MeCAues,
6bIJl0 M3yTIeHO B pa6OTe Saila (1978). B 3OHe 3KCnepMMeHTa 061uee
nOTpe6neHMe aJIKOTOnA ynan0 Ha 3%, a nbAHCTBO B 06üjeCTBCHHbIX
McCTaX H HaCMnMe, CBA3aHHOe C anKOrOneM, KaK BbIACHHJIOCb, Talvice
yMeHbnIHnHCb. He 6bIJI0 o6Hapy-AceHO AOKâ3aTenbCTB nOBbIIIIeHMA
noTpe6neHMA HeneranbHorO anKOTOnA B CJryTiaAX OnbAHeHMA,
npMBeAIIIHX K apeCTy 3a nbAHCTBO (Saila 1978).
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an KO r01151
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nOKynKe anKOronA. XOTA B 6on1,iIIMHCTBe cTpaH eCTb HeKOTOpble
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rpaHHua yCTaHOBneHa CnMIIIKOM HH3KO. B MMpe CaMbIli BbICOKHFi
BO3paCTHOi%I npeAen A)151 nerf CTpaHbl HeAaBHO 6bin yCTBHOBneH B
CHIA. 3TH M3MeHeHHA nasal BO3MO]KHOCTb npOBeCTM HeCKOnbK0
HCCneAOBaHHii n0 nOHuKeHHiO H noBbIIIIeHMIO B03paCTHOTO npeAena
nOKynKM anKOronA. 3TM HCCneAOBaHMA B o61ueM o6HapyxcMnM, TITO
nOHDKeHHe BO3paCTHOT0 npeAena ysenMTlMBaeT KOnMTIeCTBO
193