IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe
IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe
IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe
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A06aBneHO K o6ujeMy noTpe6neHHio anxOronA My)KLIi3HaMFi, HO<br />
3aMeHHJIO BHHO H KpenKHe CnHpTHble HanHTKH y )KeHIIHiH. IIpH<br />
onpoce 6bin 06HapyACeH OTHOCHTenbHO He6onbUIO11 3IInbeKT 3TOr0<br />
H3MeHeHH51 Ha nOTpe6neHHe KpenKHX HanHTKOB, O KOTOpOM nIOAH<br />
C006UjanH CaMH. l-loBbIUleHiie noTpe6neHliA nHBa 6bIJI0 3HaLIHTenbHb1M<br />
H yBenHLiHJIO o6U1HIi O6bëM TOprOBnH anKOrOneM Ha O.i(Hy LIeTBepTb B<br />
1989 r. H Ha oAHy nATylo B 1990 r. no cpasneHHio c o6uiHM o6beMoM<br />
npoAaACFI anxoronA B 1988 r.<br />
B(DHHJIAHAHH nponaxca nHBa CpeAHeli KpenocTii BO Bcex<br />
npO,IjyKTOBbIX Mara3HHaX H Ka(1)e HaLIanaCb B 1969 r., KâK LiaCTb<br />
o6üjer0 nepeCMOTpa anKOrOnbHOrO 3aKOHOAaTenbCTBa, XOTA AO 3TOr0<br />
nHBO yACe 6bIJ10 B npOAâACe B TeLieHHe 20 neT B rOCynapCTBeHHbIX<br />
CneuFianH3HpOBaHHbIX Mara3FiHaX H pecTopaHax (Osterberg 1991).<br />
3aperHCTpnpoBaHHOe nOTpe6neHHe anKOrOJIA nOBbICHJIOCb B 1969 r.<br />
Ha 46%, H 3TO npOH30IIIJIO nOnHOCTbIO 143-3a nOBbIUleHHA nOTpe6neHHA<br />
nHBa cpenxeli KpenocTx. Mäkelä (1970) c,rjenan BbIBO.zt, LITO<br />
KOJIHLieCTBO CnyLiaeB BbInHBKH, KorAa ypOBeHb anKOrOJIA B KpOBI3<br />
AOCTFiraeT 100 Mr % nOBbICHJIOCb Ha 25% Ha CnenyiOluHli rOn nocne<br />
H3MeHeHFiIi H Ha6nlOnanOCb 3HaLIHTenbHOe yBenHLieHHe KOnHLieCTBa<br />
3noynOTpe6nSIEOILjHX anKOroneM TaK Ace, KaK H nOBbIUIeHHe 06LL[er0<br />
noTpe6neHHA (Bruun, et al., 1975).<br />
B 3KcnepHMeHTe, KOTOpbIFi npOBO,I[HJICA KOMHTeTOM 111Be1(NH no<br />
anKOronlo KpenKOe nnBO (6onee 3,6% anKOronA no Becy) HaLIanH<br />
nponaBaTb B racrpoxomlax H B 6apax B AByx oxpyrax B 1967 rony.<br />
3xenepHMeHT 6bin npexpau(eH B 1968 rOny Ha IueCTb MecAljeB paHee,<br />
LieM npe,iZnonaranocb nepBOHaLIanbHO, TaK KaK OH npHBen K<br />
Cepbe3HbIM nOCnenCTBHAM. B oxpyrax, rne npOBOAHnCA<br />
3KCnepHMeHT, OLieHb pe3K0 yBenHLIFinOCb nOTpe6neHHe KpenKOrO<br />
nHBa, a nOTpe6neHHe nHBa cpeAxefi KpenOCTH yMeHbIIIHJIOCb, npH<br />
3TOM He Ha6JIIOAanOCb HHKaKHX H3MeHeHHiâ B nOTpe6neHHH BHHa H<br />
KpenKHX CnIipTH6IX HanHTKOB. iIFiCTbIii 3(141eKT, npOH3BeneHHblii Ha<br />
o6Hiee noTpe6neHHe anKoronA 6bin ouexeH B 5% (Osterberg 1991).<br />
Yposexb xynHraxcKHx HananeHHli nOBbICHJICSi Ha 32% (Lenke 1990).<br />
OAF a Bo3paCTHâSI rpynna "H3BneKJIa npeHMynjecTSo" 143 H3MeHeHH5I<br />
AOCTynHOCTH nHBa - 3TO rpynna 15-17-neTHHx. Lenke (1990)<br />
o6Hapy)KHn, LITO HMexxo B 3TOii Bo3pacTHOii rpynne 6onbule Bcero<br />
yBenHLiHJICA ypOBeHb HaCHnbCTBeHHbIX npeCTynneHHii. 3KCnepHMeHT<br />
6bin npepnaH B HIOne 1968 r. B OTBeT Ha Acano6bl rpaxcAaH H<br />
190
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