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IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

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C noupa3AereHHeM HanI3TKOB Ha KaTeropIiH, H TaKOro pOAa<br />

HccneuosaHHS1 npOBOAHnHCb B CneAyloluHx rocy,gapcTsax:<br />

ABCTparHSI, FenbrHx, KanaAa, gaHHSI, I'epMaHHx, cDHHnaI-IAHx,<br />

cDpaxuHS1, 14pnaHAHa, 1,1TanHS1, KeHHx, HH.rtepnaHAbI, HoBax<br />

3enaHAHS1, HopserHx, IlopTyranHx, IICnaHHSI, LLIBeuHSI<br />

BenHKO6pHTaHH51 H COeAHHëHH6Ie LIITaTbI (BrIIIIn et al., 1975;<br />

Ornstein & Levy, 1983; Godfrey, 1986; Clements and Selvanathan<br />

1991; Partanen, 1991). AanHble o BrHSIHHH ueH Ha anxororb, Ha ero<br />

nOTpe6neHHe B OCHOBHOM nOCTynaIOT H3 3anaAHbIX HHAyCTpHarbHbIX<br />

CTpaH.<br />

OueHKa 3naCTH4HOCTH aJIKOrO115I OTHOCHTen6HO ueHbl<br />

nOCTO5IHHO nOKa3bIBaeT, LITO KOTAa pyre (l)aKTOpbI OCTaIOTCSI<br />

HeH3MeHHbIMH, nOBbIIIIeHHe ueHbl 06bILIHO BeAëT K naAeHHIO<br />

noTpe6neHHSi. AHanOrHLIHO, nOHH)KeHHe ueHbI 066I4H0 BeAeT K<br />

nOB6IIIIeHHIO nOTpe6reHHA. TaKI,'M xce 06pa30M, pa3nHLiHble<br />

HCCneAOBaHHSI 3raCTU,'4HOCTH AOXOAa nOKa3anH, LITO KorAa ApyrHe<br />

cl)aKTOpbI OCTaIOTC5I HeH3MeHH6IMH, nOBbInleHHe CB06OAHOrO AOXOAa<br />

nOKynaTenSl 06bILIHo BeAeT K nOBbInIeHHIO nOTpe6reHH5I, B TO BpeMSI<br />

KaK rIOHH)KeHHe npHBOAHT K CHH)KeHHIO cnpoca.<br />

TaKHM o6pa3oM, OKa3bIBaeTCSi, LITO aJIKOrOnb, KaK H ApyrHe<br />

TOBapbl, 5iBn5IeTC5I 06beKTOM AeIiCTBHA 3KOHOMH4eCKHX 3aKOHOB<br />

cnpoca H npeAJlo)ICeHHx. Cnpoc Ha npOAyKT CB5I3aH C peaJIbHOIi<br />

p03HH4HOli IjeHOIi An5I nOKynaTensl. B 061ueM, ecru" npoAyKT<br />

CTaHOBHTC51 6onee AOpOrHM no CpaBHeHHIO C ApyrHMH ToBapaMH H<br />

ycnyraMH, CnpOC Ha Hero nOHH)KaeTCSI, H ecru,' npOAyKT CTaHOBHTCSI<br />

Aeluesne, cnpoc Ha Hero nosblluaeTcsl.<br />

5.2.1 BenH411Hbl 311aCTH4HOCTH u@H<br />

B Ta6nHue 5.1 CyMMHpOBâHbI pe3ynbTaTbl HCCneAOBaHHFI B<br />

pa3HbIX CTpaHaX. TaK)Ke yKa3aH BpeMeHHOUi nepHOA.<br />

LIOLITH BCe BenH4HHbI 3raCTH4HOCTH ueHbl HMeIOT a6COn1OTHble<br />

3HaLIeHHSI 60rbIIIe Hyn51 H 5IBnSiiOTC5I OTpHuaTenbHblMH, nOKa3bIBa5I,<br />

LITO H3MeHeHH5I ueHbl BnHSIiOT Ha nOTpe6neHHe B HanpaBneHHH,<br />

COrnaCyloIuHMCSI C 3KOHOMH4eCKOIi TeopHeli. IIpolue rosopsl,<br />

HaAe)KHO ycTaHOBneHO, LITO eCnH ueH6l paCTyT - nOTpe6neHHe<br />

naAaeT, a ecnH ueHbl CHH)KaIOTC5I - nOTpe6neHHe nOBbIIIIaeTC51. TeM<br />

He McHee, peanbHble BenHLIHHbI 311aCTH4HOCTH ueH pa3nHL1HbIX<br />

HanHTKOB B pâ3HbIX CTpaHaX H B pa3HOe BpeMx He oAHHâKOBbI.<br />

156

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