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IHgIIOJOHIj - World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe

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He Bcerga Tecxo COBnaAaeT C ypOBHeM nOTpe6neHHA Ha Ayiuy<br />

HaceneHHA (Makela 1978).<br />

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npeAnOJIO)KeHHA o TOM, 4T0 noTpe6neHHe Ha nyLny HaceneHHA<br />

HaCTOnbKO Ba)KHO, 4T0 n106ble pyre MepbI, KOTOpble Ha Hero He<br />

BnHAIOT B006L1[e He npoH3BeAyT HHKaKOTO 34:1CtleKTa.<br />

B o6u(eM, B3aHMOCB5I3b Mexcny noTpe6neHHeM Ha Ayluy<br />

HaceneHHA H ypoBHeM OCTpbIX âRKOTORbHbIX npo6neM TaK Hoe, KaK H<br />

HenpAMbIX npo6neM AnHTenbxoro 3noynoTpe6neHHA anxoroneM<br />

ABRAFOTCA, TaKHM O6pa3oM, 60nee CJIONCHON, 4eM B3aHMOCB513b Me)KAy<br />

noTpe6neHHeM Ha nyiuy HaceneHHA H XpOHI14eCKHMH<br />

3a60neBaHHSIMH. TeM He McHee, 3T0 He o3Ha4aeT, 4TO H3MeHeHH51 B<br />

COBOKynHOM nOTpe6neHHH nHLIIb HeMHOTO HRH Boo61ue He<br />

npH4aCTHbI K ypOBHIO OCTpbIX anKOTOnbHbIX npo6neM. H3MeHeHH51<br />

THHOB noTpe6neHHA H npaBHnaX KynbTypbl, KaCaK)II[HXCA noBeAeHHA<br />

nbi011niX O6bI4HO npOHCXOnAT AOCTaT04H0 MeAneHHO. B OTCy'I'CTBHe<br />

6bICTpbIX H BCeoXBaTbIBaK)IuHX H3MeHeHHi7 KynbTypbl, nOBbluleHHe<br />

noTpe6neHHA Ha AyLUy HaceneHHA 6yneT COnpOBO)KAaTbCA<br />

nosblHIeHHeM ypoBHA OCTpblx npo6neM BMecTe c nosbllueHHeM<br />

ypoBHA xpoHH4ecKHx npo6neM.<br />

ECJIH 6bI Ka4eCTBeHHble aCneKTbl KynbTypbi nOTpe6ReHHA<br />

H3MeHAnHCb 6b1 napannenbHO C H3MeHeHH51MH B noTpe6neHHH Ha<br />

AyIIIy HaceneHHA, BCë MOrnO 6b1 BbITRSIneTb HHa4e. HanpHMep, eCRH<br />

nOTpe6neHHe 6OnbHIHX KORH4eCTB anKOTORA 3a OAHH pa3 HOCTeneHHO<br />

HC4e3aeT H3 KynbTypbl, B TO speMA KaK ypoBCHb nOTpe6neHHA<br />

nOBbILQaeTCA, MbI MO)iCeM O)KHnaTb nOBbIIIleHHA ypoBHA XpOHH4eCKHX<br />

npo6neM H, B TO >ice CaMOe BpeMA, CHH)KeHHA HJ1H XOTA 6b1<br />

CTa6HnH3aLjHH ypoBHA OCTpbIX npo6neM. EAsa Jill cyluecTByloT<br />

HCTOpH4eCKHe npHMepbl TaKHX 6bICTpbIX H3MeHeHHii B KynbType<br />

noTpe6neHHA, HO OHH ABRAIOTCA, no KpaiiHeï-i Mepe, TeopeTH4eCKOIï<br />

BO3MO)KHOCTb1O (Room 1992).<br />

142

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