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41,1I51 Kâ>iCAOIi Cctlepbl >KH3HH COOTHOIneHHe npii'-IHHeHHOrO Bpesqa yBenHLIHBaeTCSI AOCTâTO'-IHO nOCTeneHHO C nOSbIIIieHHeM 06beMa BbInHTOrO 6e3 OnpeAeneHHOI%I KpHTH'-IeCKOÎ-i AO3bI anKOrOnSI, HH>Ke KOTOpOi3 nbloll[He He HaHOCAT ce6e speAa. B uenOM, B H3rIaeMoii rpynne LIHCno niOAeii, co06ivasIIIHX, tITO noTpe6neHHe a.nKOronsl HaHOCHT BpeA B AByx HnH 6onee Ci-4)epaX >KH3HH, TaiUKe noCTeneHHo Bo3paCTaJio C nosblIIleHHeM O6beMa BbIHHTOI'O (HnniOCTpaI(HA 3.9). B onpoce B3pOCnbIX, npoBeAeHHOM B HoBOii 3enaHAHH, 14CHOnb30BanH TaKHe >ICe BOnpOCbl H o6Hapy>KHJIH n0'ITIi npslMOnHHeiiHyiO B3aHMOCB5I3b Me>KAy o6beMoM noTpe6neHHSi H cpeAHHM 'IHCJIOM Ccpep >KH3HH, B KoTopbix, Kai( coo6luanocb, noTpe6neHHe anicoronsl Haxecno y'uep6 npu HeKOTOpOM cHH>KCHHeM ypoBHSI HaHeCeHHA yiuep6a Ha BbIcH.Idi KaTeropHH noTpe6nexHA anxoronsl (Wyllie et al 1993). KOnH4eCTBO BbIHHBaeMbIX AO3 B AeHb 3a npOIIIJIbIIi rOA HJIJIIOCTpaIuHi 3.9 OnbIT AByX Hull 6onee OTpHuaTenbHbIX nOCneACTBHiï nOTpe6neHHA anKOronSl. rlOTpe6neHHe aJIKOronSl (KOJ1HPieCTBO A03 - 10 r LIHCTOro anKOronA B AeHb) H npoueHT pecnoHAeHTos, COO61uaiolgHX o Asyx HnH 6o5Iee nocneACTBHAx: My>KiiHHbI - , >KeHn.[HHbI - 11, B 061ueM - . gaHHbie HaI(HOHanbHOrO onpoca KaHaAbi. l'ICTO'iHHK : ROOM et al 1994. 87
B KaHa,IjCKOM HCCnej[OBaHHH Ha HH3KHX ypOBHAX nOTpe6neHHA My)K9HHbI 6onee LIaCTO, item )ICeHIIjHHbI c006njaK)T O Bpe,ge B AByx HJIH 6onee 3aTpOHyTbIX cd-Jepax, HO BbIIIIe ypOBHA 11On-j103bl (5 r LIHCTOrO aJIKOronA) B JjeHb, pe3ynbTaTbl RRA My)ICLIHH H)KCHIIjHH 6b111H CXOjIibIMH (IIJIJIfOCTpaL[HA 3.9). Pe3ynbTaTbl jl,nA ypoBHeH noTpe6neHHA 6onee nOn-J103b1 B JjeHb noATBepxcgaloT 06HjHN BbIBOjj, 'ITO )KeHIIjHHbI MeHee OXOTHO C0061IjaIOT O COIjHanbHbIX np06neMax, BO3HHKâIOII(HX Ha OnpegeneHHOM ypOBHe noTpe6neHHA, item My)K'IHHbI. C IjpyrOH CTOpOHbI, MOJIO,L[ble JHOjjH 06bIinI0 c0061I(aKYr o 60nbIIIeM KOnHLIeCTBe COIjHanbHbIX npO6neM, iieM peCHOH,IjeHTbI cpe,AHerO BO3paCTa npH paBHOM yposxe noTpe6neHHA (Midanik 1994). KaK H B Cnyllae C pe3ynbTaTaMH 0 BO3MO)ICHOCTH noz[seprHyTbcA HaCHJIHIO CO CTOpOHbI JjpyrOrO nbIOIIjerO, B KaHaj(CKOM HCCneJjOBaHHH Te, KTO BbInHBaeT nATb (1 p03a - 10 r'iHCTOrO anKOrOJIA) HnH 6onee ,gO3 3a O,IjHH npHeM XOTA 6bI pa3 B MeCAL[, 6onee OXOTHO, item zipyrHe, nOTpe6n5loujHe anKOPOnb B TOM xce KOnHi-IeCTSe, COO6HjanH O HaHeCeHHOM Bpe,Ae B JjByX HnH 6onee cctlepax )ICH3HH (HnnIOCTpaIjHA 3.10). TeM He Mexee, 'iaCTb coo6n1HBIIIHx o6 yujep6e npO,gOnxcaeT ysenHYHBaTbCA H cpe,ijH Tex, KTO He BbInHBaeT nATb JjO3 =taule, qeM pa3 B MeCAI[. TaIOKe Hy)KHO yLIHTbIBaTb BnHAHHe Ha B3aHMOCBA3b Me)ICZjy nOTpe6neHHeM H BO3HHKHOBeHHeM npo6neM yCJ1OBHFi H BH,IjbI nOTpe6neHHA anKOrOJIA. HapAAy C ApyrHMH %jOKa3aTenbCTBaMH Ba)KHOCTH yCJIOBHFI noTpe6neHHA, HeAaBHO npOBeJjeHHOe B HOBON 3enaHA1114 HCCne,IjOBaHHe, nOKa3bIBaeT, '-ITO K0.111,11-IeCTBO ânKOI'OnA, KOTOpOe 06bI'IHO noTpe6nsxeTCA B 6apax, 6onee CHnbHO CBA3aHO C ânKOrOnbHbIMH npo6neMaMH,'IeM CnIipTHOe, noTpe6nAeMOe B ApyrHx MecTax (Casswell et al 1993). 3.9 Al1KOrOJ1bHAA 3ABI4CNIMOCTb COIjHanbH0-3111,1,I1eMHOJIOrH' eCKHe HCCne,IjOBaHHA anKOrOnbHbIX npo6neM nOCTOAHHO BKnIO'Ia'OT B Ce651 BOnpOCbl O(1)H3HLIeCKHX COCTOAHHAX, COrIyTCTByiOnjHX nOTpe6neHHIO anKOrOnA, TaKHX KaK a6CTHHeHTHbII%I CHHjjpOM H TOnepaHTHOCTb, aCneKTOM OnbITHOrO xapaKTepa, TaKHX KaK coo6lgeHHA o npHCTpaCTHH H yXyJjHIeHHH KOHTpOnA Hag noTpe6neHHeM H O CHMI1TOMaTH'teCKOM nOBe,IjeHHH - 88
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HCCneAOBaHHAX, HO He B BHAe LIIFipo
Page 49 and 50: Consumption of Alcohol, Tobacco and
Page 51 and 52: HELZER J.E. AND CANINO G.J. ed. (19
Page 53 and 54: NAKAMURA K., TANAKA A. AND TAKANO T
Page 55 and 56: SMART R.G. AND MANN R.E. (1992) Alc
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Page 67 and 68: nnaHHposaHKA BOnpOCy HeT. O6bILiHO
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Page 111 and 112: GILL J.S., ZZEZULKA A.V., SHIPLEY M
Page 113 and 114: LONGNECKER M.P., BERLIN J.A. ORZA,
Page 115 and 116: ROOM R. (1983b) Sociological aspect
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4.4 COBOKYIIHOE I1OTPE6J1EHIilE, CB
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CIlV1COK JIVITEPATYPbI: AGARWAL D.
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MAC ANDREW C. AND EDGERTON R.B. (19
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SKOG 0.-J. (1984) ökt totalforbruk
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CIINCOK JIVITEPATYPbI: ALTMAN D.G.
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GROSSMAN M. AND COATE D. AND ARLUCK
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PREST A.R. (1949) Some experiments
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(1987, 1989, 1993), Russ and Geller
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HOADLEY J.F., FUCHS, B.C. & HOLDER,
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MAXWELL D.M. (1981) Impact Analysis
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available options and an assessment
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SMART R. AND WHTIE W.J. (1972) Effe
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BOVENS R. (1987) Alcohol program: A
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HOMEL R. (1988) Policing and Punish
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Effects on psychomotor performance.
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VOTEY H. AND SHAPIRO P. (1983) High
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BOTVIN G.J. (1987) Factors Inhibiti
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GERBNER G., GROSS L. & MORGAN M. (1
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KOHN P.M., SMART R.G. & OGBORNE A.C
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RUBIN A. (1986) Uses, gratification
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CHICK J., LLOYD G. AND CROMBIE E. (
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term study with randomized controls
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SMART R., MANN, R.E. AND ANGLIN L.
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