Bentonite Mineralogy Part 1: Methods of Investigation - Posiva

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 6-1. Summary of analytical methods, laboratories, equipments, preparation methods and parameters measured. 30 Method Laboratory Equipment Sample Preparation Parameter Reference type measured XRD GSF, Philips bulk ground minerals standard Research X'Pert 62 1-lm ground minerals meter FTIR HU, Dept of Per kin
31 Table 6-2. Instrumental detection limits of major elements. Limits are given only for the elements that were determined using the respective method. Element Detection limit (mg/k2) XRF ICP/AES S/C-analyzer Al 100 Ca 50 5 Fe 200 K 50 5- 10 Mg 200 1 - 5 Mn 40 Na 500 3 s 100 100 c 100 100 Table 6-3. Detection limits of minor elements, XRF 6.1 X-ray powder diffraction 6.1.1 Bulk samples Detection limit (m2/k2) Elemets 60 p 30 As, Bi, Ce, Cr, Ga, La, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Ti, V, Y 20 Ba, Cu, Ni, Zn 10 Mo, Nb, Rb, Sr, Th, U, Zr Bulk samples were mixed with acetone and ground using agate mortar and pestle. The thick slurry was spread evenly on a glass slide and let to dry at ambient temperature. Acetone was used to allow rapid drying and, consequently, diminish preferred orientation of platy sheet silicate particles. Two or three mounts were prepared of each sample because the diffractograms were used for semiquantitative evaluation of mineral composition. Most of the samples are raw material and therefore heterogeneous. MX-80 is homogenized and Milos activated and Friedland ground to very fine-grained powder. The XRD data was collected on a Philips X'Pert diffractometer equipped with a vertical goniometer, a diffracted beam monochromator and a rotating sample holder at the Research Laboratory of the Geological Survey of Finland. CuKa-radiation was used and the applied voltage was 40 kV with a 55 mA current. The patterns were recorded from 2 to 70°20. The counting time was 1 s per 0,02°20. The position of the smectite
Page 1: POSIVA OY Working Report 2004-02 Be
Page 4 and 5: ABSTRACT In the first part of the r
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT TIIVISTE
Page 8 and 9: PART 1. METHODS OF INVESTIGATION- A
Page 12: 8 Mixed-layer clay minerals: Layers
Page 17 and 18: 13 4) Is the sample thick enough an
Page 19: 15 Table 3-3. The factors used for
Page 22: Recommendation: 18 It is recommende
Page 27 and 28: - 4 SUMMARY ON RECOMMENDABLE METHOD
Page 29 and 30: PART 2. MINERALOGICAL RESEARCH OF S
Page 31 and 32: 20mm Figure S-3. Kutch bentonite, s
Page 33: 6 ANALYTICAL METHODS 29 Summary of
Page 37 and 38: 6.1.5 Coarse fraction 33 In connect
Page 42 and 43: Table 7-1. Minerals in addition to
Page 47: 43 The Friedland sample contains no
Page 54: 50 Figure 7-15. TEM-p holograph of
Page 58 and 59: Table 7-7. Contents of major elemen
Page 61 and 62: Table 7-9. Continued. 57 Sample La
Page 63 and 64: 59 charge. Therefore, more exchange
Page 65 and 66: 61 for the four Kutch samples studi
Page 67 and 68: 63 The Milos bentonites contain poo
Page 69 and 70: 8 SUMMARY 65 The purpose of this st
Page 71: 67 to Henning (1971), the position
Page 74 and 75: 70 in the interlayer positions. The
Page 76 and 77: REFERENCES 73 Backman, C.-M., Bruse
Page 78 and 79: 75 Inoue, A., Kohyama, N., Kitagawa
Page 80 and 81: 77 Pusch, R., 1999. Is montmorillon
Page 82 and 83: PHOTOGRAPHS OF BENTONITE AND CLAY S
Page 84 and 85:
20mm 81 20mm APPENDIX 1 (3/5) Milos
Page 86:
20mm 83 APPENDIX 1 (5/5) 20mm Dnesi
Page 97 and 98:
counts/s 5000 26.0 18.0 14.0 11 .0
Page 99:
counts/s 2000 26.0 18.0 14.0 96 Str
Page 105 and 106:
102 TEM PHOTOGRAPHS OF BENTONITES S
Page 107 and 108:
Sample: Milos high grade 104 APPEND
show all

Bentonite Mineralogy Part 1: Methods of Investigation - Posiva

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?