- Page 1 and 2:
0;??6>5 3=228/>;9=B &+'*"&,&%- >! U
- Page 3 and 4:
For Uncle Dennis
- Page 5 and 6:
Abstract Modern freemasonry emerged
- Page 7 and 8:
Acknowledgements This study would n
- Page 9 and 10:
conflict which severely damaged the
- Page 11 and 12:
ealm of historical inquiry. One has
- Page 13 and 14:
extensively with them, David Steven
- Page 15 and 16:
associations were often politically
- Page 17 and 18:
freemasonry. Chapter 3 focuses on t
- Page 19 and 20:
Chapter Two ‘Antient Lustre in Th
- Page 21 and 22:
it was consciously trying to ‘rem
- Page 23 and 24:
publication was delayed until 1723.
- Page 25 and 26:
operations, which were carried out
- Page 27 and 28:
cohesiveness between the lodges by
- Page 29 and 30:
Three separate incidents occurred d
- Page 31 and 32: view ignores the fact that the lodg
- Page 33 and 34: entertainment whether they be prese
- Page 35 and 36: Consequently, Kilwinning resumed it
- Page 37 and 38: the members of the Royal Arch and K
- Page 39 and 40: Scottish freemasons were teaching a
- Page 41 and 42: untrained as stonemasons. This entr
- Page 43 and 44: them paying each one pound five shi
- Page 45 and 46: gentlemen into their lodges, not li
- Page 47 and 48: of gentlemen masons was a direct re
- Page 49 and 50: opposed to operatives, which “wer
- Page 51 and 52: made manifest in the mathematical a
- Page 53 and 54: conjunction with the management and
- Page 55 and 56: For Reformation of Manners &c. In E
- Page 57 and 58: eighteenth-century Scotland reveals
- Page 59 and 60: association as a device for further
- Page 61 and 62: 1756, for the Grand Lodge resolved
- Page 63 and 64: Provisions were also established to
- Page 65 and 66: Stonemasons, Shipmasters, and Shoem
- Page 67 and 68: suggesting that classicism and the
- Page 69 and 70: of 1.5 members over a fourteen year
- Page 71 and 72: Newtonian Society, were also freema
- Page 73 and 74: highly improbable that Scottish fre
- Page 75 and 76: for inspecting…houses reported th
- Page 77 and 78: Table 3.1. Number of Scottish Lodge
- Page 79 and 80: that potential members who were sto
- Page 81: than just a central governing body
- Page 85 and 86: not been officially recognized by t
- Page 87 and 88: promote a “more regular Correspon
- Page 89 and 90: Kilbride were present in the initia
- Page 91 and 92: with the overall development of fre
- Page 93 and 94: late as 1760 “the majority of Mod
- Page 95 and 96: Number of Lodges 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
- Page 97 and 98: Comparing the numbers from 1736 to
- Page 99 and 100: membership lists were mentioned in
- Page 101 and 102: Number of Members 300 250 200 150 1
- Page 103 and 104: The data need careful qualification
- Page 105 and 106: and diverse population from which t
- Page 107 and 108: 2 highlights the patterns of masoni
- Page 109 and 110: time and money.” 75 As the list i
- Page 111 and 112: Freemasonry was popular for several
- Page 113 and 114: freemasons is ambiguous. 88 And fin
- Page 115 and 116: development. Necessary to the achie
- Page 117 and 118: 110 Grand and imposing as the whole
- Page 119 and 120: when he hoped there would be a nume
- Page 121 and 122: Upon entry to the lodge, new member
- Page 123 and 124: Fellow Crafts, and a sum equal to b
- Page 125 and 126: “did not incline to the trade he
- Page 127 and 128: Similar to other Scottish lodges, t
- Page 129 and 130: discourse of Hanoverian freemasonry
- Page 131 and 132: 124 hospitality and disinterested f
- Page 133 and 134:
The Bureaucratic Reformation Clark
- Page 135 and 136:
presumably charity and entertainmen
- Page 137 and 138:
Lodge of Scotland had instituted a
- Page 139 and 140:
in arrears. The Grand Lodge stipula
- Page 141 and 142:
significant consolidation of power
- Page 143 and 144:
eceipts for expenditures, purchase
- Page 145 and 146:
subsidiary societies, by the demand
- Page 147 and 148:
which temporarily coincided.” 5 F
- Page 149 and 150:
consequences brought all political
- Page 151 and 152:
more broadly the patriotic mood tha
- Page 153 and 154:
was sick of the sight of them, and
- Page 155 and 156:
Two verses follow which reiterate t
- Page 157 and 158:
eform clubs.” 39 The objectives o
- Page 159 and 160:
members ultimately resolved “That
- Page 161 and 162:
egularly published pamphlets agitat
- Page 163 and 164:
century. In the politically volatil
- Page 165 and 166:
The first piece of legislation desi
- Page 167 and 168:
epression.” 76 Unlike Pitt, who d
- Page 169 and 170:
state.” 89 Wells asserts that of
- Page 171 and 172:
given for raising a tumult or noise
- Page 173 and 174:
Although arguably masonic oaths fel
- Page 175 and 176:
The Scottish Grand Lodge’s inclus
- Page 177 and 178:
170 suppression of Societies Establ
- Page 179 and 180:
By 23 January 1801, despite numerou
- Page 181 and 182:
government’s ban on issuing new c
- Page 183 and 184:
idea of setting aside the exempting
- Page 185 and 186:
expelled lodges for much less; thus
- Page 187 and 188:
ights, privileges, and powers, in l
- Page 189 and 190:
houses. Government action against s
- Page 191 and 192:
status and they had no intention of
- Page 193 and 194:
deemed a lodge which did not sit by
- Page 195 and 196:
hierarchical authority.” 12 In Eu
- Page 197 and 198:
French model, Robison claimed that
- Page 199 and 200:
they were much more prominent in Co
- Page 201 and 202:
Questioning the integrity of the so
- Page 203 and 204:
196 this Order is engaged in the Sc
- Page 205 and 206:
allusions in turn may well relate t
- Page 207 and 208:
was essentially “a reaction again
- Page 209 and 210:
anks, a great many Masons must have
- Page 211 and 212:
ideology of the society, Smyth main
- Page 213 and 214:
and 1790s, the population of Ulster
- Page 215 and 216:
mass membership it sought to attrac
- Page 217 and 218:
On 6 February 1797, Lodge Royal Arc
- Page 219 and 220:
contravene the regulation which sta
- Page 221 and 222:
inadmissible, as No. 264 was then n
- Page 223 and 224:
and regulations arising from the Ac
- Page 225 and 226:
218 descriptions of Masons under va
- Page 227 and 228:
Unlike the earlier allegations made
- Page 229 and 230:
two primary witnesses from the Gran
- Page 231 and 232:
include a fantastic story which imp
- Page 233 and 234:
1790s. 145 Ultimately, financial di
- Page 235 and 236:
the Masonic Secession of 1808. Alth
- Page 237 and 238:
Chapter Six ‘The Scotch Diable Bo
- Page 239 and 240:
freemasons, where political discuss
- Page 241 and 242:
Notably, there were several Whig le
- Page 243 and 244:
Political Exploitation and Masonic
- Page 245 and 246:
een elected Substitute Grand Master
- Page 247 and 248:
was more cordial and deferential du
- Page 249 and 250:
suffered a crushing defeat, confirm
- Page 251 and 252:
laid in Grand Lodge that required s
- Page 253 and 254:
Despite strong objections from Ingl
- Page 255 and 256:
Under this statute, Gibson’s acti
- Page 257 and 258:
of Edinburgh.” 69 Mitchell’s al
- Page 259 and 260:
the Grand Lodge, had been art and p
- Page 261 and 262:
of this masonic conspiracy contrive
- Page 263 and 264:
Might set the tamest lodge on earth
- Page 265 and 266:
Power.” 91 Clearly, the Moderns v
- Page 267 and 268:
“to the exclusion of all else.”
- Page 269 and 270:
its members Not surprisingly, in a
- Page 271 and 272:
the Maybole Trial, the Grand Lodge
- Page 273 and 274:
Societies Act and the laws of the G
- Page 275 and 276:
letter was removed from the Court.
- Page 277 and 278:
spurned the ignoble bondage…[and]
- Page 279 and 280:
Chapter Seven: Conclusion ‘A Will
- Page 281 and 282:
1736, Scottish lodges were an impor
- Page 283 and 284:
By 1799, the Grand Lodge of Scotlan
- Page 285 and 286:
masonic privileges after several of
- Page 287 and 288:
Roman Eagle Lodge No. 160 Minute Bo
- Page 289 and 290:
282 Society In Scotland For Propaga
- Page 291 and 292:
Dickinson, H.T. “Popular Loyalism
- Page 293 and 294:
Hewitt, A.R. “The Grand Lodge of
- Page 295 and 296:
MacDermot, Frank. Theobald Wolfe To
- Page 297 and 298:
S.N. Smith, “The So-Called ‘Exp
- Page 299 and 300:
Williams, T. Desmond, ed. Secret So
- Page 301 and 302:
Appendix 1: Occupational Returns fo
- Page 303 and 304:
1748 Mason (3) Wright Writer Baxter
- Page 305 and 306:
1767 Writer (3) Merchant (4) Surgeo
- Page 307 and 308:
Squarewright (2) Wright Surgeon Shi
- Page 309 and 310:
1739 Gentleman Students of Physics
- Page 311 and 312:
Coppersmith 1755 Student (5) Comedi
- Page 313 and 314:
1763 Student (5) Gentleman (5) Cabi
- Page 315 and 316:
Sword Maker (1) Tailor (1) Teacher
- Page 317 and 318:
12 November 1755 Mason (19) Slater
- Page 319 and 320:
1756 (1) Writer: 1 Drawer: 1 1757 (
- Page 321 and 322:
41 Occupations Represented 17 Mason
- Page 323 and 324:
Appendix 2: Freemasons and Multiple
- Page 325 and 326:
318 SSE: Select Society for Promoti
- Page 327 and 328:
Patrick Duff 35 (CK): MS, ES, SS Da
- Page 329 and 330:
Alexander Kincaid 69 (CK): CTB Alex
- Page 331 and 332:
Dr. Alexander Stevenson 103 (HH/G):
- Page 333 and 334:
Appendix 3: List of Suspended Lodge
- Page 335 and 336:
Appendix 4: Grand Lodge of Scotland
- Page 337 and 338:
1754: David Dalrymple 1755-60: Geor
- Page 339 and 340:
1795: Sir James Foulis 1796-1798: J
- Page 341 and 342:
1736-1751: Robert Alison (Archibald
- Page 343 and 344:
application to Parliament or otherw
- Page 345 and 346:
338 As Several of the Lodges in the
- Page 347 and 348:
[Signed] Dalkeith, addressed to Sir
- Page 349 and 350:
342 thought advisable to defer the
- Page 351 and 352:
Appendix 6: Grand Lodge Minutes Reg
- Page 353 and 354:
346 They also produced a Certificat
- Page 355 and 356:
Appendix 7: Lodge Royal Arch Maybol
- Page 357 and 358:
350 Lodge of Scotland therefor we d
- Page 359 and 360:
Appendix 8: National Archives of Sc
- Page 361 and 362:
All which he declares to be truth
- Page 363 and 364:
356 Our will is Herefore and we cha
- Page 365 and 366:
[Signed] William Gordon, witness Wi
- Page 367 and 368:
of all facts and circumstances that
- Page 369 and 370:
Grant Charters which is very much d
- Page 371 and 372:
Kilwinning Lodge stating the powers
- Page 373 and 374:
366 The above letters having been r
- Page 375 and 376:
usurpation of the fourth Friday but
- Page 377 and 378:
Ancient Grand Lodge of England: 1 J
- Page 379 and 380:
372 Religion, which however both po
- Page 381:
374 Lodge, and are further highly i