Investigating CSI – Background material Table of Contents I ...

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When these two flies mate, the frequency of the four possible progeny can be measured and from this information, the genetic distance between the two RFLP loci (upper and lower) can be determined. In this example, 70% of the progeny were produce from parental genotype eggs and 30% were produced by recombinant genotype eggs. Therefore, these two RFLP loci are 30 centiMorgans apart from each other. Source: http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/genomics/method/RFLP.html 50
Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Analysis Short tandem repeat (STR) technology is used to evaluate specific regions (loci) within nuclear DNA. Variability in STR regions can be used to distinguish one DNA profile from another. STR loci consist of short, repetitive sequence elements 3 to 7 base pairs in length . These repeats are well distributed throughout the human genome and are a rich source of highly polymorphic markers, which may be detected using the polymerase chain reaction (5–8). Alleles of STR loci are differentiated by the number of copies of the repeat sequence contained within the amplified region and are distinguished from one another using radioactive, silver stain or fluorescence detection following electrophoretic separation. One system, The PowerPlex® 16 System, allows the coamplification and threecolor detection of sixteen loci (fifteen STR loci and Amelogenin). The loci are grouped into three different group, each group labeled with a different compound (fluorescein, JOE, and TMR) that will fluoresce either green, red, or blue. The labeling occurs during PCR amplification of the DNA. All sixteen loci are amplified simultaneously in a single tube and analyzed in a single injection or gel lane. For more details, see below. The Promega PowerPlex 16 system: The fluorescein-labeled allelic ladder showing all possible repeat lengths in each STR loci. The numbers on the ruler at the top (100-480) represent the number of base pairs and the overall region where the loci is located. The boxes just blow the ruler show the names of each loci. The peaks show all possible peaks for each loci and the boxed in numbers below the peaks show the number of repeats in each peak represents. 51
Page 1 and 2: Investigating CSI - Background mate
Page 3 and 4: convict the killer of Gill Dando wa
Page 5 and 6: A forensic scientists needs a honou
Page 7 and 8: lond, is also wearing Air Jordans w
Page 9 and 10: of unidentified remains with the pr
Page 11 and 12: Matching DNA Proving that a suspect
Page 13 and 14: Creating a DNA Profile: The Basics
Page 15 and 16: with thymine and guanine with cytos
Page 17 and 18: power is the combined analysis of a
Page 19 and 20: of DNA profile comparisons done by
Page 21 and 22: II. Tools and Techniques for DNA Fo
Page 23 and 24: p30 Test Unlike the presumptive aci
Page 25 and 26: Specificity refers to how many othe
Page 27 and 28: expected to occur when using your c
Page 29 and 30: helps to bind oxygen as well.) When
Page 31 and 32: chemical reaction, but in order to
Page 33 and 34: 2. Brauner, P.& Gallili, N., "A Con
Page 35 and 36: DNA Extraction Techniques Organic-b
Page 37 and 38: C. Quantification of DNA Southern B
Page 39 and 40: Southern Up Close In this simplifie
Page 41 and 42: 2. cDNA is denatured at more than 9
Page 43 and 44: SYBR-green SYBR green is another me
Page 45 and 46: Let's look at two people and the se
Page 47 and 48: at this locus and a different sized
Page 49: These loci are located on the same
Page 53 and 54: The other two PowerPlex16 groups of
Page 55 and 56: The Federal Bureau of Investigation
Page 57 and 58: eference sample from the standard s
Page 59 and 60: III. Interesting Cases Using DNA Ev
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Page 63 and 64: The tests indicated that the drops
Page 65 and 66: July 17, 1918. Czar Nicholas II, hi
Page 67 and 68: Guest list pared With the refusal o
Page 69 and 70: But only 18 of the states are hooke
Page 71: that to all felony offenses, as Ala

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