The Art And Architecture of Islamic Cairo

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1295–97 al-Adil Kitbugha: mamluk of Qala’un 1297–99 al-Mansur Lajin: mamluk of Qala’un 1299–1309 al-Nasir Muhammad I (2nd Reign) 1309–10 al-Muzzafar Baibars (II) al-Jashankir: mamluk of Qala’un 1310–40 al-Nasir Muhammad I (3rd Reign) 1340–41 al-Mansur Abu Bakr: son of al-Nasir Muhammad 1341–42 al-Ashraf Kujuk: son of al-Nasir Muhammad 1342 al-Nasir Ahmad I: son of al-Nasir Muhammad 1342 al-Salih Isma‘il: son of al-Nasir Muhammad 1345–46 al-Kamil Sha‘bani: son of al-Nasir Muhammad 1346–47 al-Muzzafar Hajji I: son of al-Nasir Muhammad 1347–51 al-Nasir al-Hasan (1st Reign): son of al-Nasir Muhammad 1351–54 al-Salih Salih: son of al-Nasir Muhammad 1354–61 al-Nasir al-Hasan (2nd Reign) 1361–63 al-Mansur Muhammad II: son of Hajji I 1363–76 al-Ashraf Sha‘ban II: grandson of al-Nasir Muhammad 1376–82 al-Mansur Ali II: son of Sha‘ban II 1382 al-Salih Hajji II (1st Reign): son of Sha‘ban II Burji Mamluk Sultans 1382–1517 1382–89 al-Zahir Barquq (1st Reign): mamluk of Sha’ban II 1389–90 al-Hajji II (2nd Reign: with title al-Muzzafar) 1390–99 al-Barquq (2nd Reign) 1399–1405 al-Nasir Faraj (1st Reign): son of al-Barquq 1405 al-Mansur Abd al-Aziz: son of al-Barquq 1405–12 al-Nasir Faraj (2nd Reign) 1412 al-Adil al-Musta‘in 1412–21 al-Mu’ayyad Shaykh: mamluk of al-Barquq 1421 al-Muzzafar Ahmad II: son of Mu’ayyad Shaykh 1421 al-Zahir Tatar: mamluk of al-Barquq 1421–22 al-Salih Muhammad III: son of Tatar 1422–37 al-Ashraf Barsbay: mamluk of Barquq 1437–38 al-Aziz Yusuf: son of Barsbay 1438–53 al-Zahir Jaqmaq: mamluk of Barsbay 1453 al-Mansur ‘Uthman: son of Jaqmaq 1453–61 al-Ashraf Inal: mamluk of Barquq 1461 al-Mu’ayyad Ahmad III: son of Inal 1461–67 al-Zahir Khushqadam: mamluk of Mu’ayyad Shaykh 1467–68 al-Zahir Yilbay: mamluk of Mu’ayyad Shaykh 1468 al-Zahir Timurbugha: mamluk of Jaqmaq 1468–96 al-Ashraf Qa’it-Bay: mamluk of Jaqmaq 1496–98 al-Nasir Muhammad IV: son of Qa’it-Bay 1498–1500 al-Zahir Qansuh I: maternal uncle of Muhammad IV 1500–01 al-Ashraf Janbalat: mamluk of Qa’it-Bay 1501 al-Adil Tuman Bay I: mamluk of Qa’it-Bay 1501–17 al-Ashraf Qansuh II al-Ghawri: mamluk of Qa’it-Bay 1517 al-Ashraf Tuman Bay II: mamluk of Qa’it-Bay Chronology of Dynasties and Rulers 257
Table of Dynasties Islamic Calendar 1 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 Gregorian Calendar 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Spain Talfas Morocco Algeria Tunisia Egypt 258 The Art and Architecture of Islamic Cairo Idrisside Almoravid Nasrid Marinid Sa’dian Alaouite Aghlabid ALMOHAD Abdalwadib Hafsid Husain Tulunid Saudi Arabia Yemen Jordan UMAYYAD ABBASID FATIMID AYYUBID MAMLUK Palestine OTTOMAN Syria Turkey SELJUK Iraq SELJUK Iran BUWAYHID Uzbekistan ABBASID ILKHANID Safavid Qadjar Chaibanide Berakzai Djanide Afghanistan UMAYYAD Samanid Timurid Safavid Pakistan Ghaznavid Afghan Ghurid Sultanate of Delhi MUGHAL India Sultanate of Deccan China Timurid Ilkhanid
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THE ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF ISLAMIC
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THE ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF ISLAMIC
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Contents Map of Cairo vi Preface 1
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Preface When I first visited Egypt
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Art and Architecture of Islam, 650-
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exploitation and persecution under
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The ecumenical councils defined ort
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any further conquest of Egypt would
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negotiations took place between Cyr
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altogether, Amr subsequently played
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as ‘a people who love death bette
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point for urban development, but as
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He ordered them to place the stone
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Amr frequently preached the khutba
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After Salah al-Din, Sultan Baibars
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Its daily use in Amr’s time, serv
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AL-QATA’I With the fall of the Um
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throne in 870 he divided the empire
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in those days to recycle and use ex
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in an anti-clockwise direction up t
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on the north-west and south-east si
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plaster with cement or concrete. It
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organic and geometrical form. The r
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that of his wives in heroic size, a
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significant and legitimate minority
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knowledge of Egypt, both before and
Page 56 and 57:
evidence here supports that view (t
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Bab al-Futuh, like Bal al-Nasr, is
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Although little remains of its orig
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oth al-Azhar and the palace were wi
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with fluted hoods. The whole façad
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Madrasa and tomb of Gawhar al-Qanaq
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vegetarian dish known as mulukhiyya
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monument, being restored by a numbe
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strong horizontal ribs at the botto
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formal religious gatherings found a
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out invocations, weeping and entrea
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Egypt and Sunni territory ruled by
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wooden fragments of this period in
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where it was developed in glass mak
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ecause this tiraz was woven in the
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sense of legitimacy in the wake of
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that of the delicate stucco mihrab
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craftsmen, although their origin is
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St Catherine’s monastery, Sinai,
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and to her left is a bottle-shaped
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oken by a spotted white underbelly
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and grotesques, and what distinguis
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decorated with palmettes, but the K
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lustre-painted bottle in the David
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from the second quarter of the elev
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shows a central palm tree dividing
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most illustrious lord al-Afdal, the
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Raynard of Chatillon’s attacks on
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0 0 100 200 100 200 Tomb of Sayyida
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the main Citadel, fortifications we
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Ibn Jubayr’s account is supported
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gone so far as to offer his sister
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largest. Its plan is divided into t
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height of 29 metres is almost that
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disciplined spirit of the age. The
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Mausoleum Madrasa Qibla iwan North-
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this new centre of government in th
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imprisonment in the Red Tower on th
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doors on the exterior are matched i
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literature, the sciences, art and a
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chase he was murdered, but accounts
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tough unyielding personality of its
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over the world. The intellectual cl
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left: The minaret and dome of the S
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patterns of the central window gril
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138 The Art and Architecture of Isl
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above: The sahn of the madrasa of S
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elow: The minaret of the madrasa of
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ight: The khanqah- madrasa of Amir
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elow: The khanqah of Baibars al-Jas
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top: The mosque of al-Maridani. abo
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elow: Mosque of Sultan Hasan taken
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elow: Plan of the Sultan Hasan mosq
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above: The qibla iwan of the Sultan
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above: Mausoleum of Gur-i Amir, Sam
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CHAPTER SIX The Decorative Arts of
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above: Twelfth-century Persian frit
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above: Brass basin incised and inla
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top: Brass candlestick inlaid with
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above: Incense burner: 1268-79 (Bri
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elow: Brass basin inlaid with silve
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top: Mosque lamp: c. 1350-60. above
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top: Doors of the Sultan Hasan mosq
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above: Panel from the mausoleum of
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top: Stone minbar in the khanqah of
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above: Frontispiece of a Qur’an w
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above: ‘Hand-Washing Machine’ f
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above: Frontispiece to the Maqamat
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above: The Simonetti Carpet: late f
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above: Child’s tunic: late fourte
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CHAPTER SEVEN The Architecture of t
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above: View of the Eastern Cemetery
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above: The domes of the khanqah of
Page 215 and 216: above: One of the mausoleum chamber
Page 217 and 218: 208 The Art and Architecture of Isl
Page 221 and 222: above: Khanqah-madrasa complex of B
Page 223 and 224: top: Plan of funerary complex of Su
Page 225 and 226: elow: Plan of funerary complex of A
Page 227 and 228: elow: Plan of funerary complex of Q
Page 230 and 231: masonry and bands of joggled lintel
Page 232 and 233: marbling in the mihrab has been str
Page 234 and 235: oundels. The largest in the centre
Page 236 and 237: al-Ahmar and Sharia Abu Huraybah, n
Page 238 and 239: The Mamluk factions that precipitat
Page 240 and 241: lower floors contained latrines, ni
Page 242 and 243: cessors. Egypt then became a provin
Page 244: The use of terracotta- and biscuit-
Page 247 and 248: above: Interior of the mosque of Mu
Page 249 and 250: Notes and References 240 The Art an
Page 265: Chronology of Dynasties and Rulers
Page 273 and 274: Acknowledgements The Publishers wou
Page 275 and 276: Armenian district 104 Armenians 46,
Page 277 and 278: ewers (aquamaniles) metalwork 83-4,
Page 279 and 280: al-Salih’s (Salihiya) 116-18, 137
Page 281 and 282: 60-1, 225 Philo of Byzantium 188 Ph
Page 283 and 284: ulers 257 textiles 73-6, 195 woodwo
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The Art And Architecture of Islamic Cairo

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