Phylum Nemertea (Rhynchocoela)
Phylum Nemertea (Rhynchocoela)
Phylum Nemertea (Rhynchocoela)
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Excretion and Osmoregulation<br />
2 to 1000s of protonephridia, similar to those of flatworms. Number depends on the<br />
habitat. Some terrestrials may have up to 70,000 clusters of flame bulbs<br />
Protonephridia associated with lateral blood vessels, sometimes immersed in blood (B)<br />
They aid in osmoregulation in freshwater and terrestrial nemerteans<br />
Terrestrial species (e.g. Geonemertes) inhabit moist environments to avoid desiccation.<br />
Also some are covered in mucous. Minimal osmoregulation problems in open water or<br />
benthic nemerteans<br />
In some species,<br />
nephridioducts are syncitial<br />
and open up to 1000s<br />
of epidermal pores
Change language