Phylum Nemertea (Rhynchocoela)

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Circulation and Gas Exchange <strong>Nemertea</strong>ns are the most primitive metazoans with a true blood vascular system. Ribbon worms have no heart, so blood is squeezed through the vascular system by the contraction of musculature. Blood is virtually transparent, but some pigments resembling hemoglobin have been observed. The circulatory system consists of vessels and thin wall spaces, lacunae Great variation of circulation architecture Simplest in palaeonemerteans (A). In more complex forms, compartmentalization, transverse, middorsal vessels. Flow could be either way. Gas exchange (respiration) is epidermal
A: Palaeonemertea Cephalothrix linearis B: Palaeonemertea Tubulanus annulatus C: Palaeonemertea Carinoma armandi D: Heteronemertea Lineus sanguineus E: Heteronemertea Cerebratulus lacteus F: Hoplonemertea Amphiporus lactifloreus Generalized Blood Vessel Systems A B C D E F Credit: R. Ritger from adaptation in Gibson, 1972 (<strong>Nemertea</strong>ns, Hutchinson, Univ Press)
Page 1 and 2: Phylum Nemertea (Rhynchocoela) Gree
Page 3: Nemertean Bauplan “Functionally
Page 6 and 7: Feeding and digestion Proboscis is
Page 8 and 9: Comparison of Proboscis Types Credi
Page 12 and 13: Excretion and Osmoregulation 2 to 1
Page 14 and 15: Cerebral organs of nemerteans Most
Page 16 and 17: Epidermis Frontal gland Esophagus R
Page 18 and 19: Development Paleonemertea, Hoplonem
Page 20 and 21: Late-stage Cerebratulus sp. Pilidiu
Page 22 and 23: Nemertean Taxonomy Nemerteans are c
Page 24 and 25: Are Nemerteans sister taxa with fla

Phylum Nemertea (Rhynchocoela)

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