Insect Control in Stored Grain - Department of Primary Industries
Insect Control in Stored Grain - Department of Primary Industries
Insect Control in Stored Grain - Department of Primary Industries
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Key po<strong>in</strong>ts<br />
• Most markets want gra<strong>in</strong> free from <strong>in</strong>sects and some want freedom from chemical residues, so check<br />
with potential buyers before treat<strong>in</strong>g with chemicals.<br />
• Clean gra<strong>in</strong> handl<strong>in</strong>g and storage equipment and dispose <strong>of</strong>, or treat old <strong>in</strong>fested gra<strong>in</strong>.<br />
• Aeration cool<strong>in</strong>g reduces <strong>in</strong>sect breed<strong>in</strong>g activity, but does not guarantee storage pests will not be<br />
seen and may require treatment especially <strong>in</strong> the warmer period <strong>of</strong> the year.<br />
• Chemical protectant <strong>in</strong>secticide sprays are registered only for cereal gra<strong>in</strong>s, not pulses and oilseeds.<br />
• Fumigat<strong>in</strong>g with phosph<strong>in</strong>e is fully effective only <strong>in</strong> a storage that is gas-tight.<br />
Introduction<br />
If <strong>in</strong>sects <strong>in</strong> gra<strong>in</strong> are left untreated, the gra<strong>in</strong> will, be unsaleable to most buyers, be reduced to dust by the<br />
<strong>in</strong>sects feed<strong>in</strong>g on it and go mouldy because <strong>of</strong> the heat and moisture released by the <strong>in</strong>sects.<br />
Gra<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>sects are present on most farms <strong>in</strong> harvest<strong>in</strong>g mach<strong>in</strong>ery, stockfeed, gra<strong>in</strong> spills, and old seed.<br />
Some <strong>of</strong> the <strong>in</strong>sects fly between farms and between storages, and others walk or are carried <strong>in</strong> handl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
equipment. Unless <strong>in</strong>sect control measures are applied, gra<strong>in</strong> quality and value is likely to be reduced.<br />
1. Options for different markets, gra<strong>in</strong>s and storages<br />
Market requirements<br />
Always check with potential markets for your gra<strong>in</strong> to ensure that they will accept the pest control methods,<br />
particularly <strong>in</strong>secticides, you <strong>in</strong>tend us<strong>in</strong>g. Gra<strong>in</strong> markets <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>gly are demand<strong>in</strong>g freedom from live<br />
<strong>in</strong>sects and freedom from residues that result from chemical treatment <strong>of</strong> gra<strong>in</strong>.<br />
Chemical sprays are registered only for cereal gra<strong>in</strong>s. Some markets will not accept cereal gra<strong>in</strong> treated with<br />
these registered chemicals.<br />
Chemical sprays are not registered for pulses or oilseeds. Markets will not know<strong>in</strong>gly accept pulses or<br />
oilseeds contam<strong>in</strong>ated by residues <strong>of</strong> chemicals sprayed on these gra<strong>in</strong>s. Detection <strong>of</strong> residues can result <strong>in</strong><br />
loss <strong>of</strong> markets.<br />
Because <strong>of</strong> market requirements and chemical registrations that are specific to gra<strong>in</strong> types, the pest control<br />
options that can be used for various gra<strong>in</strong> types and markets are limited (see Table 1). Details <strong>of</strong> residual<br />
<strong>in</strong>secticides for treat<strong>in</strong>g storages and equipment are given <strong>in</strong> Table 3, and for particular cereal gra<strong>in</strong>s and<br />
particular markets are given <strong>in</strong> Tables 4 to 8.<br />
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