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NUMBER 89 45
lections of the former United States National Museum) (Olson
and Jouventin, 1996). Fossils were compared with the extensive
collections of modem material held in the MNZ. Notes
justifying specific identifications are given below. The geographic
ranges of species are taken from data in Marchant and
Higgins (1990) unless otherwise stated.
The following measurements were taken: total skull length
(Skull TL) from tip of premaxilla to cerebellar prominence; basicranial
skull length (BCL) from occipital condyle to premaxilla
articulation; skull width at lacrimals (Lac W), but where
lacrimals are not fused in adults, for example, Procellaria and
Puffinus, the width was measured between the articular surfaces
of the lacrimals (Preorb W); maximum skull width across
the postorbital processes (PO W); width across the zygomatic
processes (ZP W); length of the premaxilla from the tip to the
nasofrontal hinge (Pmx L); maximum width of premaxillae
(Pmx W); total length for femora (Fern L), tibiotarsi (Tib TL),
tarsometatarsi (Tmt L), humeri (Hum L), ulnae (Ulna L), and
carpometacarpi (Cmc L); and tarsometatarsus-shaft width (Tmt
SW). The cranial cnemial crests of procellariid tibiotarsi are so
elongate they are easily broken, so tibiotarsi also were measured
from the proximal articular surface to the distal end (Tib
AL). Coracoid length (Cor L) was measured from the medial
sternal angle because this is robust, and length could still be
measured when the lateral process was broken, which it often
was.
Summary statistics of measurements are given in Appendices
1-8. Because no individual associations of skeletal elements
were preserved by the collectors (the collection was sorted
by element), statistical comparisons are limited to univariate
statistics. The significance of the difference in mean lengths of
similar species was compared using two sample Mests assuming
unequal variances.
COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Unless otherwise
stated, specimens are from the New Zealand area. Specimens
listed in the appendices are not repeated below.
Eudyptes chrysocome filholi (Eastern Rockhopper Penguin):
MNZ 624, 9147, 11221, 11236, 14087/1,23674.
E. chrysolophus (Macaroni Penguin): MNZ 12840, 12841
(South Sandwich Id.).
E. pachyrhynchus (Fiordland Penguin): MNZ 17176, 19309,
22934,23160.
E. robustus (Snares Penguin): MNZ 23735, 23736, 23737.
E. sclateri (Erect-crested Penguin): MNZ 668S, 24429,
24704.
Diomedea chlororhynchos (Yellow-nosed Albatross): MNZ
22417.
Pterodroma macroptera gouldi (Great-winged or Grey-faced
Petrel): MNZ 541-S, 11426, 13597, 13598, 13605, 15903,
21101, 21103, 21419, 23714, 24073, 24076, 24248, 24369.
P. solandri (Providence Petrel): CSIRO Pros 389 (Lord
Howe Id.); CSIRO Pros 724 (Lord Howe Id.), MNZ 23504.
P. neglecta (Kermadec Petrel): MNZ 23720.
P. incerta (Atlantic or Schlegel's Petrel): MNZ 22421,
22422, 22426 (all Gough Id.).
P. externa (Juan Fernandez Petrel): MNZ 24356.
P. rostrata (Tahiti Petrel): MNZ 23900.
P. arminjoniana (Herald Petrel): MNZ 22140 (Trindade Id.);
MNZ 24691 (Henderson Id.).
P. baraui (Barau's Petrel): MNZ 23831 (Reunion Id.); Museum
d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, no. 772 (at sea off Reunion
Id.); Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, no. 2601, female,
Rivierre St. Etienne; Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, no.
2603, (Reunion Id.).
Pachyptila vittata (Broad-billed Prion): MNZ 559S, 75IS,
753S, 754S, 755S, 919S, 11405, 11406, 12481, 12482, 12667,
12668, 13617, 15021, 15268, 15269.
P. salvini (Salvin's Prion): MNZ 590S, 591S, 12056, 12057,
12665, 13710, 15020, 15506, 15918,24221.
P. turtur (Fairy Prion): MNZ 13628, 13629, 13630, 13631,
13632, 13634, 13635, 13713, 15270, 15271, 15272, 15920,
18317, 18362, 19808,21461.
Procellaria cinerea (Grey Petrel): MNZ 602S, 607S, 79IS,
792S, 918S, 12035, 12248, 12474, 12475, 12510, 16486,
17183, 18136, 21862, 24089, 24153, 24215, 24432, 24511,
24512, 24614, 24659, 24662, 24663, 24664.
P. parkinsoni (Black Petrel): MNZ 793-S, 17258, 18905-
18907, 18968, 18969, 19282, 19283, 19298, 19781,24236,
24247.
P. westlandica (Westland Petrel): MNZ 838-S, 11511,
13566, 13594, 15900, 19281, 19299, 19311,21091-21094,
21099, 21106, 21422-21424, 21499, 22084, 22085, 22668,
22937, 22968.
P. aequinoctialis (White-chinned Petrel): MNZ 22077.
Puffinus assimilis assimilis (Little Shearwater): MNZ 519S,
520S (Norfolk Id.).
P. assimilis elegans (Little Shearwater): MNZ 21861, 21865,
22079, 22080-22083 (all from Antipodes Id.).
P. assimilis haurakiensis (Little Shearwater): MNZ 18321
(Waipu Beach); MNZ 20985 (Poor Knights Id.).
P. assimilis kermadecensis (Little Shearwater): MNZ 15911,
15912, 23895, 23972, 23986, 24229, 24230, 24279, 24381,
24382 (all Kermadec Id.).
P. assimilis subspecies indeterminate: MNZ 906S,
13569-13574, 15022, 15286, 15926, 18321, 19784, 22786 (all
New Zealand beach-cast).
Pelagodroma marina (White-faced Storm-petrel): MNZ
803S-805S,810S,15027,15028, 15507, 15612, 15613, 17262,
18360,24237,24591,24680.
Oceanites nereis (Grey-backed Storm-petrel): MNZ 13609,
15031, 18911,23740.
O. oceanicus (Wilson's Storm-petrel): MNZ 12824, 24783,
24784, 24823 (Heard Id.); MNZ 22153 (New Jersey, U.S.).
Pelecanoides urinatrix chathamensis: MNZ 807S, 18097,
18098, 18267, 18315, 18316, 18341 (Southeast Id., Chatham
Ids.).