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234 ETYMOLOGY.—Dedicated to the collector and donor, Andrew Oxford, of Great Mongeham, Kent. DIAGNOSIS.—Much larger than Anatalavis rex (Table 1). PRESERVATION OF THE HOLOTYPE.—The holotype is essentially an associated, partially articulated skeleton lacking the posterior half of the pelvis, the tail (except one caudal vertebra), and both hindlimbs. The skull, vertebral column, pectoral girdle, and wings are present, although in various states of preservation and with some elements missing (e.g., the right wing is missing except the proximal two-thirds of the humerus and one phalanx). Cranium and Bill (Figures 1, 2): The skull is considerably distorted through compression and by having been pushed into other bones. Although the rostrum and cranium appear to be continuous, they are actually no longer articulated and have bone, mostly of the palatal region, in the intervening space. The cranium is abraded along the left (dorsal) margin, the palatines are crushed and distorted and are pushed over to the right of the midline. The right quadratojugal is present and more or less in place. What may be most of the left quadratojugal was broken off and is present as a separated bone. The left pterygoid is well preserved as a separate bone (Figure 3). The SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY TABLE 1.—Comparative measurements (mm) of the humerus of the two species of Anatalavis (A. rex, holotype and paratype, from Olson and Parris, 1987). Measurement Length from distal end of pectoral crest to ulnar condyle Shaft width at midpoint Width of shaft at proximal extent of brachial depression Depth through radial condyle Distal width A. rex 49.1,50.7 5.4, 5.6 7.2, 7.5 7.3, 7.5 3.6, 13.2 A. oxfordi 80.0 9.7 13.2 12.1 22.3 rostrum has portions of the left margin abraded. The entire bill is turned upward through compression, having been pressed into an underlying portion of humerus that has made a great depression in the left dorsal surface, which is seen as a large tumescence in ventral view. As seen in dorsal aspect, crushing has produced a large, somewhat triangular pit in the cranium just anterior to the parietals. The nasal part of the nasofrontal articulation is very badly crushed and distorted on the left side but is somewhat better preserved on the right. The left nostril is crushed and almost obliterated, whereas the right one is almost undistorted. Lacrimal?: What is possibly a portion of the right lacri- FlGURE 1.—Skull with rostrum of Anatalavis oxfordi (holotype, BMNH A5922): A, dorsolateral view; B, ventrolateral view; c, rostrum in direct dorsal view. Scales in mm.
NUMBER 89 235 mal was found under the right orbit, but it is so fragmentary Mandible (Figure 4): The mandible appears to have that no interpretation can be made of it. Regardless, it is clear slipped forward during burial, and most of it has been eroded from the cranium that the lacrimal was not fused. off the original block of matrix. Only the right articular por- FlGURE 2.—Cranium of Anatalavis oxfordi (holotype, BMNH A5922): A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view; C, posterior view. Scale in mm.
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»'' § "S^ iFjwtM . •- .m-i Avia
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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOB
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ABSTRACT Olson, Storrs L., editor.
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EARLY WATERFOWL (ANSERIFORMES) AND
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v m SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PA
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localities, all of them situated in
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Bone of Sus scrofa Linnaeus, introd
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duboisi are larger than the largest
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8 iver (1897) but afterward were tr
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10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PAL
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16 Cor. Hum. Uln. Cpm. Fern. Tbt. T
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20 sometatarsus are proportionally
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22 Cor. Hum. Uln. Cpm. Fern. Tbt. T
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26 Cor. Hum. Cpm. Fern. Tbt. Tmt. P
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34 ability in such a way that it ca
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42 2km SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO
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Site 13 Research Base ENTRANCE Lowe
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48 the last has unusually slender w
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50 Si 5 15i 10- 5- 20 J 15 I 10 f 5
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Comparison of Paleoecological Patte
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NUMBER 89 69 TABLE 1.—Vertebrate
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NUMBER 89 71 Mallorca, probably in
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NUMBER 89 Alcover, J.A. 1989. Les a
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The History of the Chatham Islands'
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NUMBER 89 87 Species Common Name Pe
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NUMBER 89 89 NZA 797,1930,1934 Unco
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NUMBER 89 91 anoramphus spp.), Chat
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NUMBER 89 93 TABLE 2.—Land snails
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NUMBER 89 95 counterparts, with som
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NUMBER 89 population, if such exist
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NUMBER 89 99 FIGURE 11.—Skulls of
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NUMBER 89 101 FIGURE 13.—Lower ma
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NUMBER 89 the Chatham Island Pied O
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NUMBER 89 Locality 9, Western Maung
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NUMBER 89 107 yellowish sand (site
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NUMBER 89 109 ogy. Notornis, supple
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112 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PA
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The Middle Pleistocene Avifauna of
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NUMBER 89 Accordi, B. 1962. La grot
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130 FIGURE 1.—Map showing locatio
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132 Cranium Mandibula Scapula Clavi
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Seabirds and Late Pleistocene Marin
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NUMBER 89 141 METHODS Only strictly
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NUMBER 89 143 FIGURE 2.—Area of s
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NUMBER 89 151 FIGURE 10.—Area of
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NUMBER 89 153 FIGURE 12.—Area of
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NUMBER 89 155 the period studied. T
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NUMBER 89 157 Walker, C.A., G.M. Wr
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164 Vl 620 M 570 £ 520 S 470f •
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166 birds, such as the two species
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170 cional Autonoma de Mexico, for
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174 ated with this specimen, see Mi
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The Fossil Record of Condors (Cicon
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NUMBER 89 179 FIGURE 2.—Geographi
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NUMBER 89 181 FIGURE 5.—Vulturida
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Page 195 and 196: Two New Fossil Eagles from the Late
Page 197 and 198: NUMBER 89 187 TABLE 1.—Measuremen
Page 199 and 200: NUMBER 89 189 carpal trochlea relat
Page 201 and 202: NUMBER 89 191 FIGURE 4.—Holotypic
Page 203 and 204: NUMBER 89 193 We compared the parat
Page 205 and 206: NUMBER 89 195 FIGURE 6.—Distribut
Page 207 and 208: NUMBER 89 197 the Florida State Mus
Page 209 and 210: A New Genus of Dwarf Megapode (Gall
Page 211 and 212: NUMBER 89 201 lis hypotarsi along t
Page 213 and 214: NUMBER 89 203 The fossil is larger
Page 215 and 216: NUMBER 89 205 Clark, George A., Jr.
Page 217 and 218: A New Genus and Species of the Fami
Page 219 and 220: NUMBER 89 209 son with other known
Page 221 and 222: NUMBER 89 211 FIGURE 1.—Argornis
Page 223 and 224: NUMBER 89 213 AM AL AM AL AM AL AM
Page 225 and 226: NUMBER 89 215 caput humeri perpendi
Page 227 and 228: Selmes absurdipes, New Genus, New S
Page 229 and 230: NUMBER 89 219 FIGURE 2.—Selmes ab
Page 231 and 232: NUMBER 89 221 Costae: Deformed frag
Page 233 and 234: A Fossil Screamer (Anseriformes: An
Page 235 and 236: NUMBER 89 FIGURE 3.—Chaunoides an
Page 237 and 238: NUMBER 89 227 B C D FIGURE 6.—The
Page 239 and 240: NUMBER 89 229 FIGURE 9.—Right tib
Page 241 and 242: The Anseriform Relationships of Ana
Page 243: NUMBER 89 233 Subfamily ANATALAVINA
Page 247 and 248: NUMBER 89 237 tion, with retroartic
Page 249 and 250: NUMBER 89 FIGURE 7.—Sternum and p
Page 251 and 252: NUMBER 89 241 der. The bone is very
Page 253: NUMBER 89 243 Eocene records of the
Page 256 and 257: 246 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PA
Page 263 and 264: Presbyornis isoni and Other Late Pa
Page 265 and 266: NUMBER 89 255 FIGURE 1.—Referred
Page 267 and 268: NUMBER 89 257 vical vertebrae of th
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Page 284 and 285: 274 America. Science, 214(4526): 12
Page 286 and 287: 276 concerning the amphicoelous str
Page 288 and 289: 278 ment of the radius that are con
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284 Kurochkin, E.N. 1982. [New Orde
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288 Palaeontological Institute. [Sp
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290 1991). In this paper we use a "
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Implantation and Replacement of Bir
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NUMBER 89 297 saurs (Figure 1E-G).
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NUMBER 89 299 would seem unlikely a
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Humeral Rotation and Wrist Supinati
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NUMBER 89 303 apparent. It is now c
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NUMBER 89 305 FIGURE 3.—Dorsal vi
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NUMBER 89 307 FIGURE 4.—Wing of t
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NUMBER 89 309 Jura-Museums, Eichsta
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Early Evolution of Birds: Roundtabl
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338 evolved independently twice." M
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1 i'~L ,i "^ 1 •vw* HBB!/'' . m
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