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136 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY evidence of an eagle cult at the site comes from the numerous bone artifacts with engravings or carvings of eagles. Interestingly, at the place of sacrifice there also were found about 40 broken skulls of dogs that were killed for a ceremonial purpose Adrianov, VS. MSa. Materialy Nizhne-Obskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii IE AN SSSR v 1935 g; Raskopki u ustya reki Poluya; Dnevnik raskopok, zamechaniya, karty (k kollektsii MAE #5331) [Materials of the Lower Ob' Archaeological Expedition of the Institute of Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences (IEAS) of the USSR in 1935; Excavations of the Settlement in the Polui River Mouth; Excavation Diary, Notes, Maps (MAE collection number 5331)]. Unpublished manuscript, MAE archive number 726, K-I, list 2. [In Russian.] MSb. Materialy Nizhne-Obskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii IE AN SSSR v 1935-1936 g; Raskopki u ustya reki Poluya; Fotografii, karty, zapisi (k kollektsiyam MAE #5331 i 5455) [Materials of the Lower Ob' Archaeological Expedition of IEAS of the USSR in 1935-1936; Excavations at Polui River Mouth; Excavation Photographs, Maps, Notes (MAE collection numbers 5331, 5455)]. Unpublished manuscript, MAE archive numbers 728, 729, K-I, list 2. [In Russian.] MSc. Raskopki poseleniya v ustiye reki Polui. Orudiya okhoty, truda i veshchi razlichnogo naznacheniya iz kostei zhivotnykh i vsevozmozhnye izdeliya iz bronzy, zheleza, kamnya i keramiki; G. Salekhard, ustie reki Poluya [Excavations of the Settlement in the Polui River Mouth: Hunting and Trade Tools, Animal Bones and Other Different Bronze, Iron, Stone and Ceramic Artifacts; City of Salekhard, Polui River Mouth]. 394 pages. [Unpublished manuscript, Department of Archaeology, MAE inventory collection description number 5331.] [In Russian.] Aristov, N. 1866. Promyshlennost' drevnei Rusi [Industry of Ancient Russia]. 324 pages. St. Petersburg. [In Russian.] Boikov, V.N. 1965. Materialy po fenologii ptits severnoi lesotundry (nizoviya r. Poluya) [Materials on Bird Phenology in the North Tundra Forest Zone, Polyi River Mouth]. Trudy Instituta Biologii, 38:111-140. [In Russian.] Brothwell, Don 1993. Avian Osteopathology and Its Evaluation. Archaeofauna, 2:33—43. Burchak-Abramovich, N.I. 1949. Iskopaemaya utka-invalid v binagadinskoi orniofaune [Fossil Disabled Duck in Binagady Avifauna]. Doklady Academii Nauk Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR.l .212-216. [In Russian.] 1968. K posnaniu yavlenii izmenchivosti u pleistotsenovykh binagadinskikh ptits [Study of Variability of Pleistocene Binagady Birds]. In V.I. Strelkovsky, editor, Obshcie Voprosy Evolutsionnoi Paleobiologii [General Questions of Evolutionary Paleobiology], 4:3-96. Tbilsi: Metsniereba. [In Russian.] Chernetsov, V.N. 1947. K voprosu o proiskhozhdenii vostochnogo serebra v Priobye [On the Problem of Origin of the East Silver in the Ob' Region]. Trudy Instituta Etnografii, 1:113-134. [In Russian.] 1953. Bronza Ust-poluiskogo vremeni [Bronze Age in Ust' Polui Time]. Materialy i Issledovanya po Arkheologii SSSR, 35:221-241. [In Russian.] 1959. Predstavlenie o dushe u obskikh ugrov [The Idea of Soul in Ob' Literature Cited (Adrianov, 1936; Moshinskaya, 1953). The eagle cult still exists and is practiced by local tribes today (Sternberg, 1925), and the bone remains of eagles reported herein provide the earliest evidence of eagle worship in the Siberian region. Urges]. Trudy Instituta Etnografii, 51:114-156. [In Russian.] Derugin, K.M. 1898. Puteshestvie v dolinu srednego i nizhnego techeniya reki Obi i fauna etoi oblasti [The Trip to the Middle and Lower Basin of Ob' River and the Fauna of the Area]. Trudy Imperatorskogo Sankt-Peterburgskogo Obshestva Estestvoispytatelei, Otdel Zoolologii i Physiologii, 29(2):47-140. [In Russian.] Flint, V.E. 1988. Semeistvo Pomornikovye [Family Stercorariidae]. In V.D. Il'ichev and V.A. Zubakin, editors, Ptitsy SSSR: Chaikovye [Birds of the USSR: Suborder Lari], pages 11-38. Moscow: Nauka. [In Russian.] Kolosov, A.M., N.P. Lavrov, and A.V. Mikheyev 1975. Biologia promyslovo-okhotnichikh ptits SSSR [Biology of Game Birds of the USSR]. 320 pages. Moscow: Vysshaya Shkola. [In Russian.] Kolosov, M.R, and S.V. Shibanov 1957. Borovaya dich: eye promysel i zagotovka [Pine Wood Game: Its Trade and Storage]. 116 pages. Moscow: Tsentrosoiuz. [In Russian.] Kosarev, M.F. 1981. Bronzovyi vek zapadnoi Sibiri [Bronze Age in Western Siberia]. 279 pages. Moscow: Nauka. [In Russian.] 1987a. Epokha posdnei bronzy I perekhodnoye vremya ot bronzovogo veka k zheleznomy [The Epoch of the Late Bronze Age and the Transitional Time between the Bronze and Iron Ages]. In O.N. Bader, D.A. Krainov, and M.F. Kosarev, editors, Epokha bronzy lesnoi polosy SSSR. Arkheologiya SSSR, (7):289-304. Moscow: Nauka. [In Russian.] 1987b. Nekotorye obshchiye zakonomernosti I regionalnyie osobennosti sotsialno-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Zapadnoi Sibiri [Some General Tendencies and Regional Peculiarities of Social-Economic Development of Western Siberia]. Archaeologiya SSSR, pages 305-313. [In Russian.] 1991. Drevnyaya istoriya Zapadnoi Sibiri: chelovek I prirodnaya sreda [The Ancient History of Western Siberia: Man and Nature]. 302 pages. Moscow: Nauka. [In Russian.] Kosintsev, PA. 1997. Krupnye mlekopitaushie lesotundrovoi zony Zapadnoi Sibiri v nachale pozdnego golotsena [Megamammals of Forest-Tundra Zone of the West Siberia in the Beginning of the Late Holocene]. Materialy po Istorii i Sovremennomu Sostoyaniu Fauny Severa Zapadnoi Sibiri, pages 133-163. Chelyabinsk: Institut Ekologii Rastenii i Zhivotnykh. [In Russian.] Krushanov, A.I., editor 1989. Istoriya Vostoka SSSR s drevneishikh vremen do XYII veka [The History of the Far East from Ancient Time until the XVII Century]. 375 pages. Moscow: Nauka. [In Russian.] Kuzmina, I.E. 1971. Istoria teriofauny Severnogo Urala v posdnem Antropogene [The Evolution of Theriofauna of the North Urals in the Late Anthropogene]. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 49:44-122. [In Russian.]
NUMBER 89 137 Moshinskaya, V.I. 1953. Materialnaya kultura I khozyaistvo Ust-Poluya [Material Culture and Economy of Ust' Poluisk Settlement]. Materialy i Issledovanya po Arkheologii SSSR. 35:72-106. [In Russian.] Mourer-Chauvire, Cecile 1983. Les oiseax dans les habitats prehistoriques: Gibier des hommes ou proies des rapaces? In C. Grigson and J. Clutton-Brock, editors, Animals and Archaeology, 2: Shell Middens, Fish and Birds. British Archaeological Reports, International Series, 183:111-124. Parmalee, Paul W. 1977a. The Avifauna from Prehistoric Arikara Sites in South Dakota. Plains Anthropologist, 22(77): 189-222. 1977b. Avian Bone Pathologies from Arikara Sites in South Dakota. Wilson Bulletin, 89(4):628-632. Potapov, R.L. 1985. Otryad Kuroobraznyie (Galliformes), Chast' 2: Semeistvo Teterevinyie (Tetraonidae) [Order Galliformes, Part 2: Family Tetraonidae]. Fauna SSSR, Ptitsy [Fauna of the USSR, Birds], 3(1): 1-638. [In Russian.] Potapova, O.R. 1990. Ostatki ptits is pleistotsenovykh otlozhenii Medvezhyei peshchery [Bird Remains from the Pleistocene Deposits of Medvezhya Cave in the Northern Urals]. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, Akademiya NaukSSSR, 212:135-153. [In Russian.] 1991. Ostati ptits is paleoliticheskikh sloev grota "Bolshoi Glukhoi" na Srednem Urale [Bird Remains from Paleolithic Layers of Grotto Bolshoi Glukhoi in the Middle Urals]. In G.F. Baryshnikov and I.E. Kuzmina, editors, Tezisy VI Koordinatsionnogo Soveshchaniya po Isucheniu Mamontov i Mamontovoi Fauny, pages 41—43. [In Russian. Brochure of abstracts printed for the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, at printing office GPPO-3, St. Petersburg, Russia.] Potapova, O.R., and M.V. Sablin 1994. Hunting Specialization of the People in the Russian North in the Early Metal Period. In M. Kokabi, J. Wahl, T. Uldin, and J. Rehmet, editors, Abstracts of the 7th International Congress on Archaeozoology. Konstanz: Archaeologisches Landesmuseum Baden-Wurttemberg. [Pages unnumbered.] Romanov, A.A. 1934. O beloi kuropatke (Lagopus albus) Lensko-Khatangskogo raiona [On Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus albus) in Lena-Khatanga Rivers Area]. Trudy Arkticheskogo Instituta, 2:45-54. [In Russian.] Serjeantson, Dale 1988. Archaeological and Ethnographic Evidence for Seabird Exploitation in Scotland. Archaeozoologia, 2:209-224. Shukhov, I.N. 1915. Ptitsy Obdorskogo Kraya [Birds of Obdorsk District], Yezhegodnik Zoologicheskogo Museya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk, 20: 167-238. [In Russian.] Silantyev, A.A. 1898. Obzor promyslovykh okhot v Rossii [Review of Trade Hunting in Russia]. 620 pages. St. Petersburg. [In Russian.] Sokolova, Z.P 1972. Kult zhivonykh v religiyakh [Cults of Animals in Religions]. 216 pages. Moscow: Nauka. [In Russian.] Sternberg, L.Y. 1925. Kult orla u sibirskih narodov [Cult of Eagle in Siberian People]. Sbornik Museya Antropologii i Etnografii, 4(2):717-740. [In Russian] Tiemeir, O.W. 1941. Repaired Bone Injuries in Birds. Auk, 58(3):350-359. Tugarinov, A.Y. 1932. K kharakteristike chetvertichnoi omitofauny Sibiri [On Characteristics of Quaternary Avifauna of Siberia]. Trudy Komissii po Isucheniu Chetvertichnogo Perioda, 1:115-130. [In Russian.] Volkova, VS., V.A. Bakhareva, and T.P Levina 1989. Rastitelnost' I klimat golotsena Zapadnoi Sibiri [Vegetation and Climate of the Holocene in Western Siberia]. In N.A. Khotinskii, editor, Paleoklimaty pozdnelednikovya i golotsena [Paleoclimates of Late Ice Age and Holocene], pages 90-95. Moscow: Nauka. [In Russian.] Wrangel, F.P. 1848. Puteshestviye po severnym beregam Sibiri i po Ledovitomu mom sovershonnoye v 1820, 1821, 1822, 1823 i 1824 gg.: ekspeditsiei pod nachalstvom flota leitenanta F.P. Wrangelya [The Expedition of Navy Lieutenant F.P. Wrangel by Northern Coasts of Siberia and by Arctic Sea in 1820, 1821, 1822 1823 and 1824]. 455 pages. Moscow: Glavsevmorput'. [In Russian.] Yudin, K., and L.V. Firsova 1988. Serebristaya chaika [Herring Gull]. In V.D. Il'ichev and V.A. Zubakin, editors, Ptitsy SSSR: Chaikovye [Birds of the USSR: Suborder Lari], pages 126-145. Moscow: Nauka. [In Russian.] Zhitkov, V.M. 1912. Ptitsy poluostrova Yamala [Birds of the Yamal Peninsula]. Yezhegodnik Zoologicheskogo Museya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk, 17:311-369. [In Russian.] Zubareva, V.I. 1950. Iskopaemye ptitsy is chetvertichnykh otlozhenii USSR, Sobshchenie 1 [Fossil Birds from Quaternary Deposits of Ukxanian SSR, Report 1]. Trudy Instituta Zoologii, Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi SSR, 4:78-99. [In Russian.]
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»'' § "S^ iFjwtM . •- .m-i Avia
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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOB
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ABSTRACT Olson, Storrs L., editor.
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EARLY WATERFOWL (ANSERIFORMES) AND
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v m SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PA
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localities, all of them situated in
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Bone of Sus scrofa Linnaeus, introd
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duboisi are larger than the largest
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8 iver (1897) but afterward were tr
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10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PAL
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16 Cor. Hum. Uln. Cpm. Fern. Tbt. T
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20 sometatarsus are proportionally
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22 Cor. Hum. Uln. Cpm. Fern. Tbt. T
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26 Cor. Hum. Cpm. Fern. Tbt. Tmt. P
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34 ability in such a way that it ca
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42 2km SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO
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Site 13 Research Base ENTRANCE Lowe
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48 the last has unusually slender w
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50 Si 5 15i 10- 5- 20 J 15 I 10 f 5
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Comparison of Paleoecological Patte
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NUMBER 89 69 TABLE 1.—Vertebrate
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NUMBER 89 71 Mallorca, probably in
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NUMBER 89 Alcover, J.A. 1989. Les a
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Page 95 and 96: The History of the Chatham Islands'
Page 97 and 98: NUMBER 89 87 Species Common Name Pe
Page 99 and 100: NUMBER 89 89 NZA 797,1930,1934 Unco
Page 101 and 102: NUMBER 89 91 anoramphus spp.), Chat
Page 103 and 104: NUMBER 89 93 TABLE 2.—Land snails
Page 105 and 106: NUMBER 89 95 counterparts, with som
Page 107 and 108: NUMBER 89 population, if such exist
Page 109 and 110: NUMBER 89 99 FIGURE 11.—Skulls of
Page 111 and 112: NUMBER 89 101 FIGURE 13.—Lower ma
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Page 115 and 116: NUMBER 89 Locality 9, Western Maung
Page 117 and 118: NUMBER 89 107 yellowish sand (site
Page 119: NUMBER 89 109 ogy. Notornis, supple
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Page 135 and 136: The Middle Pleistocene Avifauna of
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Page 149 and 150: Seabirds and Late Pleistocene Marin
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Page 153 and 154: NUMBER 89 143 FIGURE 2.—Area of s
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Page 165 and 166: NUMBER 89 155 the period studied. T
Page 167: NUMBER 89 157 Walker, C.A., G.M. Wr
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Page 184 and 185: 174 ated with this specimen, see Mi
Page 187 and 188: The Fossil Record of Condors (Cicon
Page 189 and 190: NUMBER 89 179 FIGURE 2.—Geographi
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Page 195 and 196: Two New Fossil Eagles from the Late
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NUMBER 89 187 TABLE 1.—Measuremen
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NUMBER 89 189 carpal trochlea relat
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NUMBER 89 191 FIGURE 4.—Holotypic
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NUMBER 89 193 We compared the parat
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NUMBER 89 195 FIGURE 6.—Distribut
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NUMBER 89 197 the Florida State Mus
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A New Genus of Dwarf Megapode (Gall
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NUMBER 89 201 lis hypotarsi along t
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NUMBER 89 203 The fossil is larger
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NUMBER 89 205 Clark, George A., Jr.
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A New Genus and Species of the Fami
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NUMBER 89 209 son with other known
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NUMBER 89 211 FIGURE 1.—Argornis
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NUMBER 89 213 AM AL AM AL AM AL AM
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NUMBER 89 215 caput humeri perpendi
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Selmes absurdipes, New Genus, New S
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NUMBER 89 219 FIGURE 2.—Selmes ab
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NUMBER 89 221 Costae: Deformed frag
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A Fossil Screamer (Anseriformes: An
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NUMBER 89 FIGURE 3.—Chaunoides an
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NUMBER 89 227 B C D FIGURE 6.—The
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NUMBER 89 229 FIGURE 9.—Right tib
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The Anseriform Relationships of Ana
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NUMBER 89 233 Subfamily ANATALAVINA
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NUMBER 89 235 mal was found under t
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NUMBER 89 237 tion, with retroartic
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NUMBER 89 FIGURE 7.—Sternum and p
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NUMBER 89 241 der. The bone is very
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NUMBER 89 243 Eocene records of the
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246 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PA
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Presbyornis isoni and Other Late Pa
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NUMBER 89 255 FIGURE 1.—Referred
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NUMBER 89 257 vical vertebrae of th
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NUMBER 89 259 (Olson and Parris, 19
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274 America. Science, 214(4526): 12
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276 concerning the amphicoelous str
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278 ment of the radius that are con
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280 The left coracoid is represente
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284 Kurochkin, E.N. 1982. [New Orde
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288 Palaeontological Institute. [Sp
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290 1991). In this paper we use a "
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Implantation and Replacement of Bir
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NUMBER 89 297 saurs (Figure 1E-G).
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NUMBER 89 299 would seem unlikely a
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Humeral Rotation and Wrist Supinati
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NUMBER 89 303 apparent. It is now c
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NUMBER 89 305 FIGURE 3.—Dorsal vi
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NUMBER 89 307 FIGURE 4.—Wing of t
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NUMBER 89 309 Jura-Museums, Eichsta
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Early Evolution of Birds: Roundtabl
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338 evolved independently twice." M
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1 i'~L ,i "^ 1 •vw* HBB!/'' . m
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