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FROM ENGLISH CHRONICLERS 71<br />

hav<strong>in</strong>g with him aga<strong>in</strong>st Ethelstan the aid of the aforesaid<br />

k<strong>in</strong>gs to wit of the Scots and of the Cumbrians.<br />

But [Ethelstan], trust<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the protection of St. Cuthbert,<br />

1 laid low an endless host, and drove those k<strong>in</strong>gs from<br />

his k<strong>in</strong>gdom, obta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g a glorious triumph for his men. . . .<br />

937<br />

FLORENCE OF WORCESTER, CHRONICON, VOL. I, P. 132. 2<br />

And the battle was protracted from the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g of the<br />

and they slew five under-k<strong>in</strong>gs and seven<br />

day until even<strong>in</strong>g ;<br />

earls, whom their opponents had brought with them to aid<br />

them. 3<br />

And they spilled so much blood as had never before been<br />

spilled <strong>in</strong> any battle <strong>in</strong> England. And they compelled the<br />

k<strong>in</strong>gs Olaf and Constant<strong>in</strong> to flee to their ships, and returned<br />

with great exultation.<br />

But their foes had acquired the greatest misfortune <strong>in</strong> the<br />

destruction of their army ; and they returned with few men<br />

to their own.<br />

937<br />

ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE, VERSE PASSAGE, MSS. A, B, C, D,<br />

S.A. 937. 4<br />

In <strong>this</strong> year k<strong>in</strong>g Ethelstan, lord of earls, r<strong>in</strong>g-giver to men,<br />

and his brother also pr<strong>in</strong>ce Edmund won life-long glory <strong>in</strong><br />

conflict with the sword's edges around Brunnanburgh. They<br />

clove the shield-wall, hewed the war-l<strong>in</strong>dens with hammered<br />

1 Cf. W. of M., G.R., i, 144, <strong>in</strong>fra, <strong>in</strong> note.<br />

2 So S. of D., H.R., ii, 125 ; Hoved., i, 54-55.<br />

3 "<br />

A.S.C., MS. F : And they slew t<strong>here</strong> five k<strong>in</strong>gs and seven earls."<br />

"<br />

S. of D., H.R., ii, 93 : In the year 937 k<strong>in</strong>g Ethelstan fought at Wendun,<br />

and turned to flight k<strong>in</strong>g Olaf with six hundred and fifteen ships, also Constant<strong>in</strong>,<br />

k<strong>in</strong>g of the Scots, and the k<strong>in</strong>g of the Cumbrians, with all their<br />

host."<br />

" W. of M., G.R., i, 144 :<br />

. . . Rely<strong>in</strong>g upon <strong>this</strong> gift of God," [a miracu-<br />

"<br />

lous sword,] and at the same time because it was now dawn, [Ethelstan]<br />

attacked the Norwegian with all his army and beat him back untir<strong>in</strong>gly the<br />

whole day till even<strong>in</strong>g. T<strong>here</strong> fell Constant<strong>in</strong>, k<strong>in</strong>g of the Scots, a man of<br />

treacherous passion (perfidce animositatis) and of vigorous old age and five<br />

;<br />

other k<strong>in</strong>gs, twelve earls, and almost the whole host of the barbarians. The<br />

few who escaped were preserved for the reception of the faith of Christ."<br />

"<br />

Ethelstan with his forces <strong>in</strong><br />

Ann. of W<strong>in</strong>ch., <strong>in</strong> A.M., ii, 10, s.a. 924 :<br />

one contest deprived of life one k<strong>in</strong>g of Scots, and five k<strong>in</strong>gs of the Danes,<br />

and twelve earls."<br />

Two cous<strong>in</strong>s of Ethelstan were sla<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> the battle ; W. of M., G.R., i, 151.<br />

4<br />

Cf. H. of H., 160-161.

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