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250 SCOTTISH ANNALS
Brough, and the castle of Appleby, the king's castles which
Robert de Estuteville kept and the castle of ; Warkworth,
which Roger son of Richard kept and ; the castle of Harbottle,
which Odenel de Umfraville held.
And afterwards he returned to his army which he had left
around Carlisle, and tarried there so long that, when food had
failed the burghers who were inside and himself, Robert de
Vaux made with him peace in this fashion : that upon the
following feast of, St. Michael * he would render to him the
castle and the town of Carlisle, unless meanwhile he should
have succour from his lord the king of England. And of this
he assured the king of Scotland by promise and oaths and
hostages. 2
And the king of Scotland departed thence with his army,
and besieged the castle of Prudhoe of Odenel de Umfraville.
but could not take it. For the army of Yorkshire was pre-
paring to come against him. 3 . . .
When this was announced to the king of Scotland he left
the castle which he had invested and ; fleeing thence he came to
Alnwick, 4 and besieged it. And he sent thence earl Duncan
and the earl of Angus and Richard de Moreville, with almost
his whole army, through the surrounding provinces, to harry
them. 5 And the king of Scotland remained there with his
private household.
But earl Duncan at once divided the army into three parts ;
1 29th September.
* W. of N., in Chr. of Ste., etc., i, 182 :
" ... He again determined
to attack the town of Carlisle. But the citizens in terror gave him surety
that they would give up the city to him on a certain day, unless meanwhile a
sufficient garrison were sent to them by the king of the English."
3 " W. of N., in Chr. of Ste., etc., i, 182 :
. . . And he turned his army
to the attack of a certain castle which is called Prudhoe, upon the river Tyne.
" Then came to him Roger de Mowbray aforesaid, beseeching aid.
For two of his castles had been boldly stormed and taken by Geoffrey, then
bishop-elect of Lincoln, the king of England's natural son ; and [de Mow-
bray] held the third, called Thirsk, with danger.
" Now this Roger had long ago given his firstborn son as hostage to the
king of Scots when he meditated an incursion into the province of York, in
pledge that he would help him and obey him in all things and had received
;
from him in return the promise that he should by no means be deceived in
[the king's] help, in whatever necessity he might be.
" And the king, when he had laboured for several days at Prudhoe with
useless effort and rather to the hurt of his own men, hearing that the army
of the province of York was being moved against him, crossed the Tyne and
invaded the territories of Northumbria."
4 "
The castle of William de Vescy," Hoved. ii, 60.
5 W. of N., in Chr. of Ste., etc., i, 182-183 :
" By the Scots, to whom
no sort of food comes amiss, was gnawed up whatever could be chewed even
by dogs. And while they applied themselves to booty, it was the pleasure
of this inhuman nation, more savage than wild beasts, to slaughter old men,