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118 SCOTTISH ANNALS
brother, and drove out all the English who were with king
Malcolm before. 1
WhenDuncan,king Malcolm's son, who was in king William's
^
court, inasmuch as his father had formerly given him as
2 a hostage to our king's father, and he had remained here
ever since, heard that all this had so happened, he came to
the king and did such fealty as the 3
king would have of him ;
and so, with [the king's] consent, went to Scotland with what
aid he could get of English and French, 4 and deprived his
5
kinsman Donald of the kingdom, and was received as king.
But afterwards some of the Scots gathered themselves
together, and slew almost all his followers and he himself
;
escaped with few.
Thereafter they were reconciled, on the condition that
he should never again introduce English or French into the
land. 6
1094
ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE, MS. E, S.A. 1094. 7
In this year also the Scots deceived and slew 8 , I)uncan,
and thereafter took to themselves again as king,
second time, his paternal uncle Donald, by whose direction
and instigation [Duncan] was betrayed to death.
their king ;
a (
WILLIAM OF MALMESBUBY, GESTA REGTJM, VOL. II,
p. 477.
Edmund was the only son of Margaret who fell away from
the good. For he, taking part in his uncle Donald's wickedness,
was not innocent of his brother's death, bargaining
1 " Expelled from Scotland all the English who were of the king's court,"
Fl. of W., u.s.
2 Cf . s.a. 1072, supra. W. of M. calls Duncan "the base-born son of
Malcolm," G.R., ii, 476; infra.
3 "
Fl. of W., ii, 32 : Hearing this, Malcolm's son Duncan besought
of king William, to whom he then gave military service, that he would grant
him his father's kingdom ; and obtained it, and swore fealty to him."
4 "
With the help of that king," H. of H., 217.
5
Fl. of W., ii, 32 :
"
And thus he hastened to Scotland with a host of
English and Normans, and drove out his uncle Donald from the kingdom,
and reigned in his stead."
6 "
Fl. of W., ii, 32 : Nevertheless after this they allowed him to reign ;
on this condition, that he should no more introduce into Scotland either
English or Normans, or allow them to give him military service."
7 Cf. Fl. of W., ii, 35 ; S. of D., H.R., ii, 224 ; Hoved., i, 149. H. of H.,
217. Ann. of Wav., in A.M., ii, 204.
8 "
Slew by craft their king Duncan, and several with him," Fl. of W., u.s.
"
Casting out from Scotland all the English," adds S. of D., u.s.
"
After this* king William returned to England on the fourth before the