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106 SCOTTISH ANNALS
While this went on, Malcolm placed his forces not far away
to the north, and there stayed for some days.
Meanwhile the nobles of the cities which were nearest massed
together in an army of many youths, and made ready to oppose
the enemy's attempts and now ;
they too had made their
camp in the neighbourhood of Durham, to the south. But
both peoples passed some little time there, while each through
fear of the other contemplated either peace with the other or
flight. Thus neither of the foes did harm to the other, but each
through its inaction caused great distress to those shut in. For
the multitude at once of men and of the various kinds of animals
crowded into small space could scarcely support itself, one
pressing upon another. And scarcely did any one dare to proceed,
or to drive cattle to pasture ; since, hemmed in all round
by swords, they feared from both sides death or . . .
depredation.
Therefore with one accord they gathered to the church,
and out of contrition of heart each offered spontaneously gifts
and implored the confessor's aid for
according to his means ;
them and theirs, doomed to perish unless he quickly succoured
them. . . .
And upon Cuthbert's intervention God turned not his mercy
from them. Here truly, as is written, " God became the refuge
of the poor, their helper upon occasion, in tribulation." *
Not yet had the morrow's light burst forth in dawn when,
behold ! suddenly, by what fear I know not, the whole army of
the Scots was driven into flight. And when the news of their
departure spread to the English camp, it immediately granted
2
to them also freedom to depart to their own. . . .
1091
f ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE, MS. E, S.A. 1091. 3 (Continued.)
When king William heard this in Normandy, he made ready
for his journey and came to England, and his brother earl
1 Psalms, IX, 9. ,
2 " In the same hour " as the Scots retreated, William of St. Carilef,
bishop of Durham, was restored to his see ; ibid., 340. This was upon his
arrival at Durham on the llth September, 1091 ; S. of D., H.R., ii, 218.
(Cf. H.D.E., i, 128.)
"
De Inj. Vex. Will. Ep., in S. of D., i, 195 : But in the third year [of
his exile] he was reconciled with the king and recovered his bishopric, the
king himself with his brother and the whole army of England restoring him
to his see when upon their way to Scotland against Malcolm ; to wit, upon
the very day on which he had been driven from it, on the third before the
Ides of September" [llth September]. (The date is to be taken with this
sentence not with the ;
following one, as in the text.)
" And when the king heard this, he returned to
3 Cf. Fl. of W., ii, 28 :