The Relationship Between The 1990 Census and ... - Census Bureau
The Relationship Between The 1990 Census and ... - Census Bureau
The Relationship Between The 1990 Census and ... - Census Bureau
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<strong>The</strong> <strong>Relationship</strong> <strong>Between</strong> the <strong>1990</strong> <strong>Census</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Census</strong> 2000 Industry <strong>and</strong><br />
Occupation Classification Systems<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
This paper describes the changes in the industry <strong>and</strong> occupation classification systems used in the <strong>1990</strong><br />
<strong>Census</strong> of Population <strong>and</strong> Housing (<strong>1990</strong> <strong>Census</strong>) <strong>and</strong> the classification systems used in <strong>Census</strong> 2000. As<br />
a result of these changes, many 2000 industry detailed categories <strong>and</strong> major groups <strong>and</strong> most 2000<br />
occupation detailed categories <strong>and</strong> major groups are not comparable to similar categories <strong>and</strong> groupings in<br />
the <strong>1990</strong> <strong>and</strong> earlier censuses.<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>Census</strong> <strong>Bureau</strong> provides data on industries <strong>and</strong> occupations at several different levels of detail on<br />
various data products (also called data sets), which change from census to census. For <strong>Census</strong> 2000 data<br />
analysts can find industry <strong>and</strong> occupation tables on data sets called Summary File (SF)-3, SF-4, the Equal<br />
Employment Opportunity (EEO) File, <strong>and</strong> Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS). <strong>The</strong>se products are<br />
similar to counterparts produced from the <strong>1990</strong> <strong>Census</strong>. Some of these <strong>1990</strong> <strong>and</strong> 2000 products are<br />
available on the <strong>Census</strong> <strong>Bureau</strong>’s website called American FactFinder (see www.census.gov).<br />
For <strong>Census</strong> 2000 the tables found on SF-3 present the industry <strong>and</strong> occupation data in very aggregated<br />
groupings. <strong>The</strong>se tables include “profiles,” which show only 13 industry <strong>and</strong> 6 occupation groups, <strong>and</strong><br />
“detailed tables,” which show 20 industry <strong>and</strong> 33 occupation groups. In the SF-4 tables the level of detail<br />
increases to 90 unique industry <strong>and</strong> 93 unique occupation categories. <strong>The</strong> EEO File <strong>and</strong> “5-percent”<br />
PUMS provide data for 471 detailed occupation categories, <strong>and</strong> finally, the “1-percent” PUMS shows the<br />
most detail possible: 509 occupations <strong>and</strong> 265 industries. For more information about these <strong>Census</strong> 2000<br />
products <strong>and</strong> how they compare to their <strong>1990</strong> counterparts, see “Sources of Industry <strong>and</strong> Occupation<br />
Data” below.<br />
Even though the American FactFinder <strong>and</strong> other sources provide data for both the <strong>1990</strong> <strong>Census</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Census</strong> 2000, data analysts cannot compare the industry <strong>and</strong> occupation categories directly across the two<br />
census years. <strong>The</strong> wording of the categories is different, <strong>and</strong>, even when the words appear to be the same,<br />
the definitions of the categories are sometimes different. For example, major parts of “Retail trade” <strong>and</strong><br />
“Entertainment <strong>and</strong> recreation services” were defined differently in <strong>1990</strong> than in 2000, even though these<br />
words appear in industry tables from both censuses. As another example, “Managers” <strong>and</strong> “Farming<br />
occupations” were defined differently in <strong>1990</strong> than in 2000, even though these words appear in<br />
occupation tables from both censuses. <strong>The</strong>se differences were caused by the revisions to the North<br />
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) <strong>and</strong> to the St<strong>and</strong>ard Occupational Classification<br />
(SOC). <strong>The</strong> <strong>Census</strong> 2000 industry <strong>and</strong> occupation categories were derived from these two st<strong>and</strong>ard<br />
classifications, respectively. See the “History” section below for more details.<br />
This report is designed to help analysts compare <strong>1990</strong> <strong>and</strong> 2000 census data from any of these data<br />
products by quantifying the relationship between the two sets of classification systems. Included are<br />
detailed tables called “crosswalks,” which show the proportional flows for individual industry <strong>and</strong><br />
occupation categories between the two census years, <strong>and</strong> tables comparing the different groupings found<br />
on SF-3, SF-4, the EEO File, <strong>and</strong> the PUMS. <strong>The</strong> <strong>Census</strong> <strong>Bureau</strong> derived these proportions from a sample<br />
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