Respiration; buccal and opercular pumps

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All have in common a specialized epithelium that is often equipped with branched, tree-like outgrowths to increase the surface area. Lying underneath this thin epithelial layer is always a rich network of blood capillaries.
Gills are never used for air breathing because the gill lamellae are not stiff enough to support themselves and collapse when out of water. The surface area is lost and the fish suffocates. All air-breathing organs function just as absorbers of oxygen, they never have anything to do with carbon dioxide. The gills and/or the skin take care of the excretion of carbon dioxide.
Page 1 and 2: BIOLOGY OF FISHES FISH/BIOL 311 FUN
Page 3 and 4: The average human can utilize only
Page 5 and 6: Within the pattern, however, can be
Page 7 and 8: Diagrammatically, we can express th
Page 9 and 10: Phase 3: The Buccal Pressure Pump:
Page 11 and 12: The timing of the expansion and con
Page 13 and 14: With sensitive pressure transducers
Page 15 and 16: In other pelagic forms, the pumps m
Page 17 and 18: In truly benthic forms, especially
Page 19 and 20: 3. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF GILLS
Page 21 and 22: In all bony fishes there are muscle
Page 23 and 24: Deoxygenated blood reaches the gill
Page 25 and 26: Three-dimensional cut-away view thr
Page 27 and 28: List of Air-breathing Fishes Arrang
Page 29: Lateral views of the gill arches of
Page 33: What is the biological significance

Respiration; buccal and opercular pumps

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