Respiration; buccal and opercular pumps

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5. AIR BREATHING FISHES In all tropical regions of the world, deoxygenation is frequent in shallow and stagnant waters. Whenever water is slow-moving, covered with vegetation, and heavily shaded so that photosynthesis is slight, and where cooling at night is not sufficient to produce overturn, deoxygenation is bound to occur. The only oxygen in these waters gets there by diffusion from the air. Usually freshwater habitats are the only ones effected, but also estuarine habitats are susceptible, especially mangrove swamps. Deep lakes like those of the East African Rift Valleys can also be affected. In marine habitats, entire deep basins may be deoxygenated, for example, the Cariaco Trench off the coast of Venezuela. Many bony fishes inhabiting such waters have evolved special airbreathing structures to cope with these unusual conditions. Others have evolved ways to live out of the water for extended periods of time.
List of Air-breathing Fishes Arranged Phylogenetically
Page 1 and 2: BIOLOGY OF FISHES FISH/BIOL 311 FUN
Page 3 and 4: The average human can utilize only
Page 5 and 6: Within the pattern, however, can be
Page 7 and 8: Diagrammatically, we can express th
Page 9 and 10: Phase 3: The Buccal Pressure Pump:
Page 11 and 12: The timing of the expansion and con
Page 13 and 14: With sensitive pressure transducers
Page 15 and 16: In other pelagic forms, the pumps m
Page 17 and 18: In truly benthic forms, especially
Page 19 and 20: 3. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF GILLS
Page 21 and 22: In all bony fishes there are muscle
Page 23 and 24: Deoxygenated blood reaches the gill
Page 25: Three-dimensional cut-away view thr
Page 29 and 30: Lateral views of the gill arches of
Page 31 and 32: Gills are never used for air breath
Page 33: What is the biological significance

Respiration; buccal and opercular pumps

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