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THE HELIACAL RISING OF SIRIUS them, and has indicated the division of the Nile each stage. The details of the numbers and their course into stages, with wayside shrines of Hapi at division will be found on pis. i, ii. THE HELIACAL RISING OF SIRIUS. 14. The Length oftJuSothisFeriod. Much research has been made into the origin of Egyptian chronology and its connexion with the heliacal rising of Sirius, but it was not until the publication by the late Professor Oppolzer of his memoir " Ueber die Lange des Siriusjahrs und der Sothisperiode," in the 90th volume of the Sitzungsberichte of the Vienna Academy, that the question was put upon a sound basis. Starting with the well-determined observation of A.D. + 139, reported by Censorinus, Oppolzer calculates the length of the Sirius year and thence the Sirius period, which is the interval between two successive Sothic risings coincident with the ist Thoth. He shews that the Sirius period is of irregular length, and gives the following series of Julian years as those commencing Sothis periods : — Interval. Sothis Period. Juli.in Years. Julian Years. Egyptian Years. Zero period A.D. — 4235 1460 1461 1 .. -2775 1458 1459 2 ,. -1317 1456 1457 3 .. + 139 1452 1453 4 >. +1591 1448 1449 5 ., +3039 Recent discoveries necessitate the calculations being carried further back, particularly for the pur- pose of determining the seasonal changes in the commencement of the Sothis period. Two periods beyond Oppolzer's zero period have therefore been computed by the formulae given on p. 577 of his memoir. These are the years A.D. — 5705 and — 7171. As Oppolzer designated the period commencing A.D. — 423s by zero, the two more remote epochs are called — i and — 2 periods. By E. B. KXOBEL.
The following formula was employed : a = Right ascension of Sirius. h = Declination of Sirius. — e = Obliquity of the ecliptic. T = Sidereal time of the star rising. O = Sun's longitude at Sothic rising. Then Then cos {a-T) = Tan S Tan 30°, whence the value of T. cos (90+10° 48') = sin 30° sin e sin O +cos 30° sin T cos € sin O + cos 30° cos T cos 0, whence © the sun's longitude is obtained. 16. Tabic of Sothis and \st TJwth. Year THE HELIACAL RISING OF SIRIUS Column 7 gives the day of the Julian period of the Sothic rising calculated with the assistance of Schram's " Hilfstafeln fiir Chronologic " in vol. 45 of the Denkschriften of the Vienna Academy, the days before the commencement of the Julian period, A.D.— 4712, being indicated by the negative sign. Column 8 gives the corresponding date in the Julian calendar. Column 9 gives the day of the Julian period of the 1st Thoth calculated by multiples of 365 from the day of the observation of Censorinus, July 20 A.D. + 139, as determined by Oppolzer. Column 10 gives the corresponding date in the Julian calendar.
Page 1 and 2: NYU IFA LIBRARY 3 1162 04538697 7 ^
Page 5 and 6: BRITISH SCHOOL OF ARCHAEOLOGY I N E
Page 7: BRITISH SCHOOL OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN EG
Page 10 and 11: VI SECT. 48. Roman divisions . 49.
Page 13 and 14: HISTORICAL STUDIES EGYPTIAN FESTIVA
Page 15 and 16: ackground. 4 screens of flowers, 10
Page 17: 14 measures of dried dates, berries
Page 21 and 22: proper motion of Sirius, or its gra
Page 23 and 24: quarry marks upon them. These quarr
Page 25 and 26: We saw above that the monumental fr
Page 27 and 28: THE CONTRAST OF THE XHTH AND XVHITH
Page 29 and 30: has the loose joints of its contemp
Page 31 and 32: The last item is slightly corrected
Page 33 and 34: In the xiiith dynasty alone we can
Page 35 and 36: double use of names for contiguous
Page 37 and 38: closer subdivision in actual use, a
Page 39 and 40: appear as a nome in Roman times. Ph
Page 41 and 42: Map iii may have been the state at
Page 43 and 44: deterioration in fineness, which pr
Page 45 and 46: to have been almost incredibly larg
Page 47 and 48: They were apparently half sunk in t
Page 49 and 50: necks, and 226-229 handles. All the
Page 51 and 52: P. A small piece of coarse linen cl
Page 53 and 54: No. 69 intended to be represented a
Page 55 and 56: one at each end and each side. Coar
Page 57 and 58: D xi. Mace, El Am. pi. l i, 2, 4, p
Page 59 and 60: Abib month, 22 Alabaster figures, 5
Page 61 and 62: Manetho, value of, 18-20 versions o
Page 63: STUD. II. COMPOSITE NUMBERS IN THE
Page 67: 4000 STUD. II. JAN. FEB. THE EGYPTI
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STUD. II. THE EGYPTIAN KALENDAR, 20
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STUD. II. THE NOMES AT VARIOUS PERI
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STUD. II. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NO
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STUD. II HOARDS OF THE ROMAN COINAG
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7:8 STUD. MEMPHIS. GLAZED POTTERY.
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1 : 2 STUD. II MEMPHIS. GLAZED POTT
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1 : 2 STUD. II. MEMPHIS. GLAZED POT
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2 : 3 STUD. II. MEMPHIS, POTTERY KI
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1 : 6. STUD: II. PREDYNASTIC AND MI
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1: 6. STUD: II. XVIir'^ DYN., FIGUR
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WORKS BY W, M, FLINDERS PETRIE THE
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