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3. The Structure of Individual Sections of Zechariah 85
48, "pR only occurs in vv. 10, 11 (2x). It signifies the whole earth.
However it does not seem significant for our purposes, except that the
repetition lays emphasis on the fact that the whole earth is in view.
The last occurrence is part of the phrase 'all the earth'.
49, 52, 53. onn seems to be an important root, vv. 12 (piel), 16
(plural noun), and 7.9 (plural noun), 10.6 (piel). Verse 16 represents
the direct answer to the specific question in v. 12, 'How long will you
not have compassion...?' If we exclude vv. 14-17 or vv. 16-17
from the original prophecy we are left with the rather vague answer
(D'nm D»"Qi) in v. 13. Despite the distance between orn and Dm the
roots do constitute a word pair. Both occur in vv. 16-17. Dm is joined
with aits both times it occurs, a word which is surprisingly rare in
Zechariah (8.19; 9.17; 11.12—'appointed times of good', 'how good it
will be' and 'if it seems good to you' ). Dm also occurs in 8.14, 'and I
did not relent' and 10.2, 'the dreamers... give empty consolation
(ponr ban)'.
50, 51, 55. obtfrr (vv. 12, 14, 16 [2x], 17 [+ 36x]) is confined to
the end verses where it is introduced as a separate concern by the
question 'How long?' The distribution otherwise is interesting (2.2, 6,
8, 16; 3.2; 7.7; 8.3 [2x], 4, 8, 15, 22; 9.9-10. 12.2 [2x], 3, 5, 6 [2x], 7,
8, 9, 10, 11; 13.1; 14.2, 4, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 21), but the
significance of this must be considered later. ]vs is in 1.14, 17, 2.11
[2x], 14, 8.2, 3, 9.9, 13 only. In 1.12-17 it seems that 'Jerusalem' is
repeated simply because it is the subject under discussion. The same is
true of 'cities of Judah', 'my cities' and 'Zion' (vv. 14, 17). However
it is noticeable that all three words occur in v. 17 producing great
emphasis. Other references to what has gone before are seen in aio in
association with on] (cf. v. 13). (Perhaps also "inn is intended to recall
Dnna of v. 16 [?].) We note also the qere of the IF (cf. vv. 4, 14).
This last verse might be regarded as an editorial 'gather line', which
aims to sum up the whole chapter and bring it to a satisfying climax.
See also 57 below.
52, 53. See above.
54, 56. nwp is used parallel to ^p in a forceful way. bna is not
distinctive in itself, but is associated with these two other important
words. See below.
57. "ni> v. 17 (4x). This is given a prominent position and strong
emphasis through repetition. It cannot have a structuring function
within this chapter, but we note that the word occurs in the phrase